A hydroturbine is proposed for a dam with an estimated gross head of \(20.5 \mathrm{~m}\) and a flow rate of \(4.52 \mathrm{~m}^{3} / \mathrm{s}\). The generator is to turn at \(120 \mathrm{rpm}\). You are asked to identify the type of turbine best suited for this dam. For estimation purposes, set \(\eta_{\text {turbine }}=85 \%\) and \(\eta_{\text {other }}=95 \%\). Note that a reasonable approximation is that net head \(H=\eta_{\text {turbine }} \eta_{\text {other }}\) \(\mathrm{H}_{\text {gross }}\). The electrical generator efficiency is \(\eta_{\text {generator }}=95 \%\).

(a) If all the flow is to go through one turbine, calculate the turbine specific speed and then select the most appropriate type of turbine for this situation.

(b) If the flow is split into 8 identical turbines, calculate the turbine specific speed and then select the most appropriate type of turbine for this situation.

(c) Which case would generate the most overall power? Explain.