To produce green power from sunlight, solar tower systems can be used. As illustrated in Fig....
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To produce "green" power from sunlight, solar tower systems can be used. As illustrated in Fig. 3. movable mirrors (heliostats) are used to focus sunlight to a tower in which the working fluid is heated to high tem- peratures. The tower system functions as the boiler used in conventional power cycles. This solar tower is incorporated into a non-ideal Rankine cycle. In particular, it utilizes the following processes: Q₁-3 (1-2) (2-3) (3-3') (3-4) (4-1) mirrors adiabatic pressure rise in a pump heat transfer loss along the pipe constant pressure heat addition in a boiler tower heat transfer loss along the pipe adiabatic expansion in a turbine constant pressure heat rejection in a condenser Figure 3: A solar-energy based Rankine cycle State P (kPa) T(°C) h (kJ: kg-¹) x 40 0 6000 turbine 2 5000 20 88.61 condenser The Rankine cycle utilizes water, with a mass flow rate of 25 kg s-¹ as the working fluid. Further known properties are listed in Table 1. 5000 500 pump F 5000 10 Wout 3422 Qout Win 0.95 Table 1: Thermodynamic properties at different states in the cycle. Assume steady-state and that the changes in kinetic energy and potential energy are negligible. (a) Sketch both the ideal Rankine cycle and the actual process in a 7, diagram with respect to saturation lines. (b) Find the state properties P. h, at state 1 using property tables. (c) Calculate the specific work of the pump w... and subsequently the specific enthalpy . The power rating of the pump is W.325 KW. (d) Calculate the rate of the heat transfer loss daar along the pipe from the pump to the tower? (e) Calculate the rate of heat transfer ... to the working fluid inside the solar tower? (1) Calculate the power output Wot from the turbine. (g) Calculate the overall thermal efficiency of the cycle and compare it to the thermal efficiency of a Camot cycle operating between the same temperature limits. (h) Assume that the condenser is water-cooled and that the cooling water comes from a lake at 12 °C and returns at 25°C. Determine the rate of heat transfer Quur in the condenser and the mass flow rate of the cooling water ding from the lake. (i) Assume that the solar radiation energy flux is er 1366 W-m-2, and that the solar-to-heat con- version efficiency of this solar tower system is 90%. Calculate the mirror area needed to power the cycle. To produce "green" power from sunlight, solar tower systems can be used. As illustrated in Fig. 3. movable mirrors (heliostats) are used to focus sunlight to a tower in which the working fluid is heated to high tem- peratures. The tower system functions as the boiler used in conventional power cycles. This solar tower is incorporated into a non-ideal Rankine cycle. In particular, it utilizes the following processes: Q₁-3 (1-2) (2-3) (3-3') (3-4) (4-1) mirrors adiabatic pressure rise in a pump heat transfer loss along the pipe constant pressure heat addition in a boiler tower heat transfer loss along the pipe adiabatic expansion in a turbine constant pressure heat rejection in a condenser Figure 3: A solar-energy based Rankine cycle State P (kPa) T(°C) h (kJ: kg-¹) x 40 0 6000 turbine 2 5000 20 88.61 condenser The Rankine cycle utilizes water, with a mass flow rate of 25 kg s-¹ as the working fluid. Further known properties are listed in Table 1. 5000 500 pump F 5000 10 Wout 3422 Qout Win 0.95 Table 1: Thermodynamic properties at different states in the cycle. Assume steady-state and that the changes in kinetic energy and potential energy are negligible. (a) Sketch both the ideal Rankine cycle and the actual process in a 7, diagram with respect to saturation lines. (b) Find the state properties P. h, at state 1 using property tables. (c) Calculate the specific work of the pump w... and subsequently the specific enthalpy . The power rating of the pump is W.325 KW. (d) Calculate the rate of the heat transfer loss daar along the pipe from the pump to the tower? (e) Calculate the rate of heat transfer ... to the working fluid inside the solar tower? (1) Calculate the power output Wot from the turbine. (g) Calculate the overall thermal efficiency of the cycle and compare it to the thermal efficiency of a Camot cycle operating between the same temperature limits. (h) Assume that the condenser is water-cooled and that the cooling water comes from a lake at 12 °C and returns at 25°C. Determine the rate of heat transfer Quur in the condenser and the mass flow rate of the cooling water ding from the lake. (i) Assume that the solar radiation energy flux is er 1366 W-m-2, and that the solar-to-heat con- version efficiency of this solar tower system is 90%. Calculate the mirror area needed to power the cycle.
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Related Book For
Fundamentals of Thermal-Fluid Sciences
ISBN: 978-0078027680
5th edition
Authors: Yunus A. Cengel, Robert H. Turner, John M. Cimbala
Posted Date:
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