Design a feedforwardfeedback control system for the blending system in Example 15.5, for a situation in which
Question:
Table 12.4 Controller Design Relations Based on the ITAE Performance Index and a First-Order-plus-Time-Delay Model (Lipták, 2006)*† Type of Input Type of Controller Mode A B Disturbance PI 0.859 -0.977 0.674 -0.680 Disturbance PID 1.357 -0.947 0.842 -0.738 D 0.381 0.995 PI Set point 0.586 -0.916 1.03* -0.165* Set point PID 0.965 -0.85 0.796* -0.1465* 0.308 0.929 D *Design relation:Y = A(0/t)® where Y = KK¸ for the proportional mode, t/t, for the integral mode, and t,/t for the derivative mode. *For set-point changes, the design relation for the integral mode is t/t, = A + B(0/t). with unmeasured disturbances and modeling errors. Thus, a combined feedforward-feedback control system is preferred in practice. 0.37 Static gain - - Dynamic compensation 0.365 0.36 0.355 0.35 0.345 0.34 0.335 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Time (min) 10 (a) x (mass fraction)
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The block diagram for the feedforwardfeedback control system is shown in Fig 1512 a Not required b Feedforward controlers From example 155 G IP K IP 0...View the full answer
Process Dynamics and Control
ISBN: 978-1119385561
4th edition
Authors: Dale E. Seborg, Thomas F. Edgar, Duncan A. Mellichamp, Francis J. Doyle
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Static friction and kinetic friction are two types of friction that occur when two objects are in contact with each other. Static friction is the force that must be overcome to initiate motion between two surfaces that are in contact with each other but are not moving relative to each other. It is caused by the interlocking of rough surfaces at the microscopic level, and it increases as the force pushing the surfaces together increases. Once motion between the surfaces starts, the static friction is no longer present. Kinetic friction, also known as sliding friction, is the force that opposes the motion of two surfaces that are in contact with each other and are moving relative to each other. It is caused by the rubbing of the surfaces against each other and the resistance of the molecules in the surfaces to being moved. Kinetic friction is generally less than static friction, but it can still be a significant force, especially at high speeds. Both static and kinetic friction can be quantified using a coefficient of friction, which is a dimensionless number that represents the ratio of the frictional force between two surfaces to the normal force (the force perpendicular to the surfaces). The coefficient of static friction is typically greater than the coefficient of kinetic friction for a given pair of surfaces, because it takes more force to overcome the interlocking of the surfaces at rest than to maintain motion once it has started.
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