A chemical company produces amongst its product range two industrial cleaning fluids, A and B.
These products are manufactured jointly. Total sales are expected to be restricted because home trade outlets for fluid B are limited to 54000 gallons for the year. At this level plant capacity will be underutilized by 25 per cent.
From the information given below you are required to:
(a) Draw a flow diagram of the operations;
(b) Calculate separately for fluids A and B for the year:
(i) Total manufacturing cost;
(ii) Manufacturing cost per gallon;
(iii) List price per gallon;
(iv) Profit for the year.
(c) Calculate the break-even price per gallon to manufacture an extra 3000 gallons of fluid B for export and which would incur selling, distribution and administration costs of £1260;
(d) State the price you would recommend the company should quote per gallon for this export business, with a brief explanation for your decision.
The following data are given:
1. Description of processes
Process 1: Raw materials L and M are mixed together and filtered. There is an evaporation loss of 10 per cent.
Process 2: The mixture from Process 1 is boiled and this reduces the volume by 20 per cent. The remaining liquid distils into 50 per cent extract A, 25 per cent extract B, and 25 per cent by-product C.
Process 3: Two parts of extract A are blended with one part of raw material N, and one part of extract B with one part of raw material N, to form respectively fluids A and B.
Process 4: Fluid A is filled into one-gallon labeled bottles and fluid B into six-gallon preprinted drums and they are then both ready for sale. One percent wastage in labels occurs in this process.
2. Costs

By-product C is collected in bulk by a local company which pays £0.50 per gallon for it and the income is credited to process 2.
Process costs are apportioned entirely to the two main products on the basis of their output from each process.
No inventories of part-finished materials are held at any time.
Fluid A is sold through agents on the basis of list price less 20 per cent and fluid B at list price less 331/3 per cent.
Of the net selling price, profit amounts to 8 per cent, selling and distribution costs to 12 per cent and administration costs to 5 per cent. Taxation should be ignored.

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Cost per galilon Raw material L 0.20 Raw material M 0.50 Raw mateial N 2.00 Cost Containers: 1-gallon bottles Containers: 6-gallon drums Bottle labels, per thousand 0.27 each 5.80 each 2.20 Direct wages Process 1 Process 2 Process 3 Process 4 0.11 0.20 0.30 Manufacturing overhead: Fxed Process per annum Variable, per galilon of input processed 6000 20250 19500 14250 0.04 0.20 0.10 0.10