A report to Health Canada indicated that the rate of lung cancer development among males is 9.1%. In one region, an intensive education program is used in an attempt to lower that rate. After running the program, a long-term follow-up study of 200 males is conducted.
Consider as unusual any result that differs from the mean by more than two standard deviations. That is, unusual values are either less than σ - 2σ or greater than µ + 2σ.
a. Assuming the program has no effect, find the mean and standard deviation for the number of lung cancer cases in groups of 200 males.
b. Among the 200 males in the long-term follow-up study, 7% (or 14 people) test positive for lung cancer. If the program has had no effect, is that rate unusually low? Does this result suggest that the program is effective?