(a) The second postulate of kinetic theory is that the molecules are, on average, far apart from...
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(a) The second postulate of kinetic theory is that the molecules are, on average, far apart from one another. That is, their average separation is much greater than the diameter of each molecule. Is this assumption reasonable? To check, calculate the average distance between molecules of a gas at STP, and compare it to the diameter of a typical gas molecule, about 0.3 nm.
(b) If the molecules were the diameter of ping-pong balls, say 4 cm, how far away would the next ping-pong ball be on average?
(c) Repeat part a, but now assume the gas has been compressed so that the pressure is now 3 atm but still at 273 K.
(d) Estimate what % of the total volume of gas is taken up by molecules themselves in parts a and c.
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a We calculate the volume per molecule from the ideal gas law and assume the molecular volume is sph...View the full answer
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