Bond prices depend on the market rate of interest, stated rate of interest, and time. Determine whether the following bonds payable will be issued at face value, at a premium, or at a discount:
a. The market interest rate is 8%. Idaho issues bonds payable with a stated rate of 7.75%.
b. Austin issued 9% bonds payable when the market interest rate was 8.25%.
c. Cleveland's Cars issued 10% bonds when the market interest rate was 10%.
d. Atlanta's Tourism issued bonds payable that pay the stated interest rate of 8.5%. At issuance, the market interest rate was 10.25%.