Establish these logical equivalences, where x does not occur as a free variable in A. Assume that

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Establish these logical equivalences, where x does not occur as a free variable in A. Assume that the domain is nonempty.
a) (∀xP(x)) ∧ A ≡ ∀x(P(x) ∧ A)
b) (∃xP(x)) ∧ A ≡ ∃x(P(x) ∧ A)
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