Financial institutions have a legal and social responsibility to serve all communities. Do banks adequately serve both inner-city and suburban neighborhoods, both poor and wealthy communities? In New Jersey, banks have been charged with withdrawing from urban areas with a high percentage of minorities. To examine this charge, a regional New Jersey newspaper, the Asbury Park Press, compiled county-by-county data on the number (y) of people in each county per branch bank in the county and the percentage (x) of the population in each county that is minority. These data for each of New Jersey's 21 counties are provided in the table below.

a. Plot the data in a scatter plot. What pattern, if any, does the plot reveal?
b. Consider the linear model E(y) = β0 + β1x. If, in fact, the charge against the New Jersey banks is true, then an increase in the percentage of minorities (x) will lead to a decrease in the number of bank branches in a county and therefore will result in an increase in the number of people (y) per branch. Will the value of β1 be positive or negative in this situation?
c. Do these data support or refute the charge made against the New Jersey banking community? Test using α = .01.

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Number of People per Bank Branch Percentage of Minority Population County Atlantic Bergen Burlington Camden Cape May Cumberland Essex Gloucester Hudson Hunterdorn Mercer Middlesex Monmouth Morris Ocean Passaic Salem Somerset Sussex Union Warren 3,073 2,095 2.905 3.330 1,321 2.557 3,474 3,068 3,683 1,998 2.607 3,154 2.609 2253 2,317 3,307 2,511 2333 2,568 3,048 2.349 23.3 13.0 178 23.4 26.5 48.8 10.7 33.2 3.7 24.9 18.1 12.6 8.2 28.1 16.7 12.0 2.4 25.6 2.8