Following are brief descriptions of how researchers measured a variable. For each situation, determine the level of measurement of the variable.
a. Race or ethnicity. Respondents were asked to check all that apply:
________ Black
________ White
________ Hispanic
________ Asian or Pacific Islander
________ Native American
________ Other (Please specify: ______________)
b. Honesty. Subjects were observed as they passed by a spot where an apparently lost wallet was lying.
The wallet contained money and complete identification. Subjects were classified into one of the following categories:
_____ Returned the wallet with money
_____ Returned the wallet but kept the money
_____ Did not return wallet
c. Social class. Subjects were asked about their family situation when they were 16 years old. Was their family:
_____ Very well off compared to other families?
_____ About average?
_____ Not so well off?
d. Education. Subjects were asked how many years of schooling they had completed.
e. Racial integration on campus. Students were observed during lunchtime at the cafeteria for a month. The number of students sitting with students of other races was counted for each meal period.
f. Number of children. Subjects were asked: "How many children have you ever had? Please include any that may have passed away."
g. Student seating patterns in classrooms. On the first day of class, instructors noted where each student sat. Seating patterns were remeasured every two weeks until the end of the semester. Each student was classified as
____ Same seat as last measurement;
____ Adjacent seat;
____ Different seat, not adjacent;
____ Absent.
h. Physicians per capita. The number of physicians was counted in each of 50 cities. The researchers used population data to compute the number of physicians per capita.
i. Physical attractiveness. A panel of 10 judges rated each of 50 photos of a mixed-race sample of males and females for physical attractiveness on a scale from 0 to 20, with 20 being the highest score.
j. Number of accidents. The number of traffic accidents for each of 20 intersections was recorded. Also, each accident was rated as
_____ Minor damage, no injuries;
_____ Moderate damage, personal injury requiring hospitalization;
_____ Severe damage and injury.