In a study of the prevalence of cold/flu symptoms in December 2000, 44 residents of Ottawa are tested in December, and five of them have the symptoms (based on data from The Globe and Mail, December 20, 2000). We want to use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the percentage of Ottawans suffering from cold/flu symptoms in December is greater than the national rate of 11.1%.
a. Why can't we use the methods of this section?
b. Assuming that the percentage of Ottawans suffering from cold/flu symptoms in December is equal to the national rate of 11.1%, find the probability that among 44 Ottawans randomly selected in December, five will be suffering from the symptoms.
c. Based on your result from part (b), what do you conclude?