In each case, identify the null hypothesis (H0) and the alternative hypothesis (H1) using the appropriate symbol for the parameter of interest.
(a) A consumer group plans to test-drive several cars of a new model in order to document that its average highway mileage is less than 50 miles per gallon.
(b) Confirm the claim that the mean number of pages per transmission sent by a campus fax station is more than 3.4.
(c) A chiropractic method will be tried on a number of persons suffering from persistent backache in order to demonstrate the claim that its success rate is higher than 50%.
(d) The setting of an automatic dispenser needs adjustment when the mean fill differs from the intended amount of 16 ounces. Several fills will be accurately measured in order to decide if there is a need for resetting.
(e) The content of fat in a gourmet chocolate ice cream is more than the amount, 4%, that is printed on the label.