In each of the following cases, decide whether the given function is intrinsically linear. If so, identify x' and y', and then explain how a random error term e can be introduced to yield an intrinsically linear probabilistic model.
a. y = 1/(α + βx)
b. y = 1/(1 + eα+βx)
c. y = eea+βx (a Gompertz curved)
d. y = a + βex