MicroDisk is the market leader in the Secure Digital (SD) card industry and sells memory cards for use in portable devices such as mobile phones, tablets, and digital cameras. Its most popular card is the Mini SD, which it sells through outlets such as Target and Walmart for an average selling price of $8. MicroDisk has a standard monthly production level of 420,000 Mini SDs in its Taiwan facility. The standard input quantities and prices for direct-cost inputs are as follows:

Phoebe King, the CEO, is disappointed with the results for June 2017, especially in comparison to her expectations based on the standard cost data.

King observes that despite the significant increase in the output of Mini SDs in June, the product's contribution to the company's profitability has been lower than expected. She gathers the following information to help analyze the situation:

Calculate the following variances. Comment on the variances and provide potential reasons why they might have arisen, with particular attention to the variances that may be related to one another:
Required
1. Selling-price variance
2. Direct materials price variance, for each category of materials
3. Direct materials efficiency variance, for each category of materials
4. Direct manufacturing labor price variance, for setup and fabrication
5. Direct manufacturing labor efficiency variance, for setup and fabrication

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Quantity per Standard Cost Item Mini SD card Unit Costs Direct materials Specialty polymer Connector pins W-Fi transreceiver 0.05 mnm 0.10 /unit 0.50 /unit 1 Direct manufacturing labor Setup Fabrication 24.00 /hr 1 m 2 min Actual Budget Variance 42,000 $266,700 213,000 420,000 Output units Revenues Direct materials $3,626,700 1,200,000 628,400 $3,360,000 588,000 Ll Cost Item Quantity Actual Cost $415,000 8,300,000 5,000 Connector Wi-Fi transreceiver 470,000 units Direct manufacturing labor Schip Fabrication min 864.000 min 446,400