On January 1, 2017, Pele SA purchased the following two machines for use in its production process.

Machine A: The cash price of this machine was R$35,000. Related expenditures included: sales tax R$2,200, shipping costs R$150, insurance during shipping R$80, installation and testing costs R$70, and R$100 of oil and lubricants to be used with the machinery during its first year of operations. Pele estimates that the useful life of the machine is 5 years with a R$5,000 residual value remaining at the end of that time period. Assume that the straight-line method of depreciation is used.

Machine B: The recorded cost of this machine was R$80,000. Pele estimates that the useful life of the machine is 4 years with a R$5,000 residual value remaining at the end of that time period.

Instructions

(a) Prepare the following for Machine A.

(1) The journal entry to record its purchase on January 1, 2017.

(2) The journal entry to record annual depreciation at December 31, 2017.

(b) Calculate the amount of depreciation expense that Pele should record for Machine B each year of its useful life under the following assumptions.

(1) Pele uses the straight-line method of depreciation.

(2) Pele uses the declining-balance method. The rate used is twice the straight-line rate.

(3) Pele uses the units-of-activity method and estimates that the useful life of the machine is 125,000 units. Actual usage is as follows: 2017, 42,000 units; 2018, 37,000 units; 2019, 28,000 units; and 2020, 18,000 units.

(c) Which method used to calculate depreciation on Machine B reports the highest amount of depreciation expense in year 1 (2017)? The highest amount in year 4 (2020)? The highest total amount over the 4-year period?