Selected comparative information (in thousands) is available for Halpenny Corporation.

Halpenny wishes to calculate ratios for 2017 and 2016.
(a) Calculate the average amounts to be used for accounts receivable, total assets, and total shareholders' equity in a ratio calculation in (1) 2017 and (2) 2016.
(b) Identify for which ratio each of the above average amounts would be used.
(c) Why are averages used in certain ratio calculations and not in others?

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Accounts receivable Total assets Total shareholders' equity 2017 $ 1,090 27,510 12,830 2016 $ 965 26,760 12,575 2015 $ 880 23,815 10,930