The Alaskan pipeline is 48 in. ID, 800 miles long, and carries crude oil at a rate of $1.2 \mathrm{million} \mathrm{bbl} / \mathrm{day}(1 \mathrm{bbl}=42 \mathrm{gal}$ ). Assuming the crude oil to be a Newtonian fluid with a viscosity of $25 \mathrm{cP}$ and an $\mathrm{SG}$ of 0.87 , what is the pumping horsepower required to operate the pipeline? The oil enters and leaves the pipeline at sea level, and the line contains the equivalent of $15090^{\circ}$ elbows and 100 open gate valves. Assume that the inlet and discharge pressures are both $1 \mathrm{~atm}$.