4. In a study to assess the effects of malaria infection on mosquito hosts (“Plasmodium Cynomolgi: Effects of Malaria Infection on Laboratory Flight Performance of Anopheles Stephensi Mosquitos,” Experimental Parasitology, 1977:

397–404), mosquitos were fed on either infective or noninfective rhesus monkeys. Subsequently the distance they flew during a 24-hour period was measured using a flight mill.

The mosquitos were divided into four groups of eight mosquitos each: infective rhesus and sporozites present (IRS), infective rhesus and oocysts present (IRD), infective rhesus and no infection developed (IRN), and noninfective (C). The summary data values are x1

4.39 (IRS), x2

4.52 (IRD), x3

5.49 (IRN), x 4

6.36 (C), x


5.19, and

x2 ij

911.91. Use the ANOVA F test at level .05 to decide whether there are any differences between true average flight times for the four treatments.