In an examination of Marco Corporation as of December 31, 2018, the following situations exist. No related entries have been made in the accounting records.

1. Marco Corporation has guaranteed the payment of interest on the 10-year, first-mortgage bonds of Chen Corp., an affiliate. Outstanding bonds of Chen Corp. amount to $5 500 000 with interest payable at 5 percent per annum, due June 1 and December 1 each year. Chen issued the bonds on December 31, 2016, and that company has met all interest payments, with the exception of the payment due December 1, 2018. Marco Corporation states that it will pay the defaulted interest to the bondholders on January 15, 2019.

2. During 2018, Marco Corporation was named as a defendant in a suit by Dalton Inc. for damages for breach of contract. A decision adverse to Marco Corporation was rendered, and Dalton Inc. was awarded $4 000 000 in damages. At the time of the audit, the case was under appeal to a higher court.

3. On December 23, 2018, Marco Corporation declared a common share dividend of 1000 shares with a stated value of $1 000 000, payable February 2, 2019, to the common shareholders of record on December 30, 2018.

REQUIRED

a. Describe the audit procedures that you would use to learn about each of the above situations.

b. Describe the nature of the adjusting entries or disclosure, if any, that you would require for each of these situations.