Baseball Player Births In his book Outliers, author Malcolm Gladwell argues that more American-born baseball players have birthdates in the months immediately following July 31 because that was the age cutoff date for nonschool baseball leagues. The table below lists months of births for a sample of American-born baseball players and foreign-born baseball players. Using a 0.05 significance level, is there sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that months of births of baseball players are independent of whether they are born in America? Do the data appear to support Gladwell’s claim?

Jan. Feb. March April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

Born in America 387 329 366 344 336 313 313 503 421 434 398 371 Foreign Born 101 82 85 82 94 83 59 91 70 100 103 82