Hoekema et al. (A-11) studied the craniofacial morphology of 26 male patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and 37 healthy male subjects (non–OSAS). One of the variables of interest was the length from the most superoanterior point of the body of the hyoid bone to the Frankfort horizontal (measured in millimeters).

Length (mm) Non–OSAS Length (mm) OSAS 96.80 97.00 101.00 88.95 105.95 114.90 113.70 100.70 97.70 88.25 101.05 114.90 114.35 116.30 94.55 97.00 92.60 92.60 110.35 112.25 108.75 99.65 94.55 98.25 97.00 123.10 106.15 113.30 109.15 106.45 90.85 91.95 119.30 102.60 106.00 102.75 94.55 95.25 88.95 110.00 102.40 101.75 97.70 94.05 88.80 95.75 98.95 105.05 92.10 89.45 101.40 114.20 112.65 91.90 89.85 90.55 108.95 128.95 89.50 98.20 109.80 105.05 117.70 Source: Data provided courtesy of A. Hoekema, D.D.S.

Do these data provide sufficient evidence to allow us to conclude that the two sampled populations differ with respect to length from the hyoid bone to the Frankfort horizontal? Let a ¼ :01.