In a study of violent victimization of women and men, Porcerelli et al. (A-23) collected information from 679 women and 345 men ages 18 to 64 years at several family practice centers in the metropolitan Detroit area. Patients filled out a health history questionnaire that included a question about victimization. The following table shows the sample subjects cross-classified by gender and the type of violent victimization reported. The victimization categories are defined as no victimization, partner victimization (and not by others), victimization by a person other than a partner (friend, family member, or stranger), and those who reported multiple victimization.

Gender No Victimization Partner Nonpartner Multiple Total Women 611 34 16 18 679 Men 308 10 17 10 345 Total 919 44 33 28 1024 Source: John H. Porcerelli, Rosemary Cogan, Patricia P. West, Edward A. Rose, Dawn Lambrecht, Karen E. Wilson, Richard K. Severson, and Dunia Karana, “Violent Victimization of Women and Men: Physical and Psychiatric Symptoms,” Journal of the American Board of Family Practice, 16 (2003), 32–39.

Can we conclude on the basis of these data that victimization status and gender are not independent?

Let a ¼ .05.