In the article “Age at first experience of gender dysphoria among transgender adults seeking gender-affirming surgery” published in JAMA Network Open (Zaliznyak et al., 2020), the authors reported the summary statistics for age of first gender dysphoria (GD) event for males and females given in Table 7.41.

(a) Based on the information in Table 7.41, is it reasonable to assume that ???????? = ?????????

Why?

(b) Compute the appropriate value of ????????(????̄ − ????̄) and determine its degrees of freedom.

(c) Determine the rejection region for testing ????0 ∶ ???????? ≥ ???????? when ???? = 0.01.

(d) Compute the value of ????obs and its approximate ????-value.

(e) Is there sufficient statistical evidence to conclude ???????? < ????????? Why?

(f) Compute a 95% confidence interval for ???????? − ????????.