As a guide in establishing standard management guidelines for similar national parks, the National Park Service is interested in clustering the data on 59 national parks in the file parks. Use the variables Area (park size in acres), Visitors (number of annual visitors), Latitude, and Longitude as the basis for applying hierarchical clustering to form four clusters. Apply hierarchical clustering with Euclidean distance and Ward’s linkage. Standardize the values of the input variables to adjust for the different magnitudes of the variables.

a. Create a scatter chart to visualize the clusters with longitude as the x-variable and latitude as the y-variable.

b. Create a scatter chart to visualize the clusters with Area as the x-variable and Visitors as the y-variable.

c. Based on a visual inspection of the dendrogram, are four clusters a good choice?
Provide a description of each of the clusters.