In a recent study on risk factors for strokes, the American Heart Association (AHA) collected data on age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and risk of stroke; risk is interpreted as the probability (times 100) that a person will have a stroke over the next 10-year period. Data collected from smokers is provided in the file ahasmokers, and data collected from nonsmokers is provided in the file ahanonsmokers.

These data must be combined in order to facilitate their analysis. Systolic blood pressure outside of the range of 80–200 and diastolic blood pressure outside of the range of 60–130 are extremely rare, so the data must also be reviewed to ensure there are no records with a systolic blood pressure outside of the range 80–200 and no diastolic blood pressure is outside of the range of 60–140. Finally, the AHA wants to alert all patients who have severe hypertension, which is characterized by a systolic blood pressure above 180, so the organization wants to add a field to the final data that indicates whether a subject has severe hypertension.

a. Create a new field named Smoker? in the file ahasmokers. Define the value of this field for each record as 1.

b. Create a new field named Smoker? in the file ahanonsmokers. Define the value of this field for each record as 0.

c. Combine all records from these two files into a single file. Save the file under the name ahastudy.xlsx.

d. Add a new field named SevereHyp to your results in part (c). Define the value of this field for each record to equal Yes if the systolic blood pressure is above 180 and No otherwise. Save your results as a file under the name ahaalert.xlsx.

e. Identify all records for which the systolic blood pressure is outside the range 80–210. Provide a list of the subject numbers for all records for which the systolic blood pressure is outside of this range.

f. Identify all records for which the diastolic blood pressure is outside of the range of 60–140. Provide a list of the subject numbers for all records for which the diastolic blood pressure is outside of this range.