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business
business ethics

Questions and Answers of Business Ethics

4 Central Constructors has a lump-sum contract for the construction of a community college classroom building. The company’s project manager was developing the monthly application for payment to be
3 Cascade Construction has a contract for the construction of a medical office building. The company’s project manager decided to hire a subcontractor for the installation of drywall on the
2 A contractor has a contract for the construction of a parking garage that contains significant quantities of cast-in-place concrete. The contract specifications require that concrete cylinders be
1 A contractor has a contract for the construction of a large retail store located within a shopping complex. The project owner is very interested in getting the store completed by mid-October to
• Imagine and evaluate potential consequences resulting from ethical decisions made during the management of a construction project.
• Describe the ethical challenges that can occur with respect to time, cost, quality, and safety during the management of a construction project.
7 Enterprise Construction has a contract for the construction of a 25-story office building in a major metropolitan area. One of the ironworkers installing reinforcing steel for the fifth-floor
6 Highline Constructors has a contract for the construction of five miles of new highway and a three-span bridge. While touring the project, the superintendent noticed several locations where fuel
5 A contractor has a contract for the construction of a warehouse building that will be constructed with tilt-up concrete wall panels. During the construction of the wall panels, a concrete finisher
4 Acme Construction has a contract for the construction of a water treatment plant. There is significant site work needed to prepare the site for construction of the plant. Both the electrical and
3 Western Construction has a contract for the construction of a building that will house an automobile dealership. During the construction, the site work contractor encounters contaminated soil. The
2 Eastern Construction has a contract for the construction of a medical clinic.The contractor’s project engineer went to a local material supplier to purchase several items for the project. He
1 Pacific Constructors has a contract for the construction of an office building for a state government agency. The contract specifies that prevailing wage rates must be paid to all workers employed
• Imagine and evaluate potential consequences resulting from ethical decisions made in the preparation and submission of documents and records.
• Describe the ethical challenges that can occur related to the preparation and submission of documents used in the management of construction projects.
7 Capitol Constructors has a contract for the construction of a sewage treatment plant. Because the contractor was selected early during design development, the construction contract is priced as
6 Pacific Builders has a design-build contract for the design and construction of a medical office building. Major subcontractors were selected during the contract procurement process to enable
5 Midwest Construction has a contract for the construction of a three-span highway bridge. The deck stringers of the bridge are to be precast concrete T-beams that are to be post-tensioned. The
4 Acme Construction has a contract for the construction of a medical research building. The project requires significant site work which has been subcontracted to an excavation subcontractor. The
3 During the excavation for the foundation for an office building, Western Construction encountered a buried fuel tank and a natural gas line that were not shown on the contract drawings. The
2 Eastern Construction has a contract for the construction of a data center.During the construction of the building, the contractor found that the electrical and mechanical drawings contained several
1 A contractor has a contract for the construction of an office building for an agency of the federal government. One of the contract specifications requires that all materials used on the project be
• Imagine and evaluate potential consequences resulting from ethical decisions made during the administration of contracts and purchase agreements.
• Describe the ethical challenges that can occur between a contractor and a supplier during the administration of a purchase agreement.
• Describe the ethical challenges that can occur during the administration of a construction contract between a general contractor and a project owner, and between a general contractor and a
7 Henry Smith is the project manager for a design- build contractor that has a contract for the design and construction of a new academic building for a major university. During a design review, the
6 Certified Constructors has a design- build contract for the construction of a new high school. To design the new school, Certified Contractors hired Jones Architects. During the design of the
5 You are the estimator for Excel Mechanical Contractors and have received requests for quotation from five general contractors for the mechanical scope of work associated with the construction of a
4 A general contractor is developing a proposal for the construction of a medical clinic. Since the contract will be executed prior to the completion of design, the contract will be negotiated on a
3 You are finalizing the bid for the construction of a middle school, and you notice an omission in the bid for exterior painting. You insert an estimated amount to cover scope of work. Your company
2 Continental Constructors received a contract for the construction of a hospital.During the bidding process, Continental received quotations for the mechanical scope of work from six subcontractors.
1 Near the end of the bidding process for the construction of a hotel, a project owner received a written inquiry from a prospective bidder regarding some missing information on the structural
• Imagine and evaluate potential consequences resulting from ethical decisions made during the contract procurement process.
• Describe the ethical challenges that can occur between a contractor and suppliers during the bidding process.
• Describe the ethical challenges that can occur during the process of submitting a bid or proposal for a project between a general contractor and a project owner, between a general contractor and
5 Allen Yu is an estimator for a national construction company. His company is preparing a proposal for major renovations at a U.S. Air Force base in Allen’s hometown. Because of his familiarity
4 You are the health and safety manager for a medium- sized firm that specializes in K- 12 education projects. Your responsibilities include overseeing the creation and implementation of project
3 Mike Rogers is a superintendent on a mixed- use mid- rise project in a busy urban location. The project manager has been with the company for over twenty years and is known for aggressive goal
2 Walt Miller has been asked to review the entries in his company’s log of work- related injuries and illnesses. While comparing the supporting documentation to the log entries, Walt notices that
1 Alicia Watson is working on a proposal for a large project with an important privately owned client. The award will be based on a number of factors, including the qualifications of the proposed
• Describe a strategy to prevent retaliation against a whistleblower.
• Give examples of questions you might ask yourself in an “ethics check.”
• Give examples of common areas of primary ethical or legal risk.
• Give examples of common core values.
• Explain the difference between ethics and compliance.
Identify the main components of an effective ethics and business conduct program.
• Identify common areas of ethical challenges specific to the construction industry.
• Explain how an ethical issue differs from a legal issue.
Describe the five common ethical approaches that form the foundation of professional business ethics.
Is it possible for the rest of the world to live a consumer lifestyle on a par with the United States? Would this be a good thing? Who should decide this?
What is meant by “the race to the bottom”?
What are three arguments against the trend toward globalization? How would defenders of globalization respond to each?
Are there any conditions under which an American business could employ child labor in a developing country?
How far should the principle “When in Rome, do as the Romans do”extend in international business?
Can you identify any ethical values that legitimately can be applied cross-culturally?
Is there a difference between a reasonable woman and a reasonable man?
Should the severity of workplace harassment be determined solely from the point of view of the victim? Is this fair to the accused harasser?
How would you distinguish between gender harassment and sexual harassment?
When might discrimination in the workplace be justifi ed? Might discrimination on the basis of gender or race ever be justifi ed?
Distinguish among equal opportunity, affi rmative action, and preferential treatment.
What reasons, other than intentional discrimination, might explain the inequality of wages, employment, and positions of status?
Explain the four guiding principles of natural capitalism as developed by Lovins, Lovins, and Hawken.
What is the circular fl ow model of economic transactions? Explain how this model differs from the sustainable economics of Herman Daly.
What is the difference between consumer desires and citizen beliefs? How is this distinction relevant to business’s environmental responsibility?
Give examples of at least two market failures and explain how they represent challenges to the free market understanding of business’s environmental responsibilities.
How would you defi ne a sustainable business? What are the three pillars of sustainability?
Explain two ways in which a consumer could be described as vulnerable.What factors might make a person vulnerable in each sense? What are the ethics of marketing to the vulnerable?
To what degree do you think that modern marketing has created a dysfunctional affl uent economy in which irrational and trivial consumer demand has replaced personal and social needs?
Distinguish between autonomous and nonautonomous behavior. Explain the difference between autonomous and nonautonomous desires. Do you have any desires that you would characterize as nonautonomous?
What things does advertising do for consumers? What does advertising do to consumers? In what ways has advertising done anything to you?
Explain how the FDA’s standards of deception and unfairness are related.How might an advertisement be both deceptive and unfair?
Distinguish between ethically acceptable means of infl uencing another and ethically improper means to infl uence another. Apply your answer to the case of pharmaceutical ads.
Distinguish between manipulation, deception, and a lie. Does the ethical wrong with these practices depend most directly on the consequences or on the intent?
Explain three ways in which the lowest price might not be the ethically best price.
Evaluate three different ethical arguments used to justify the policy of strict product liability.
To what extent should manufacturers be held liable for harms caused by their products?
Explain the concept of negligence and offer an ethical defense of the claim that drug manufacturers should be held liable for negligent testing or production of their products.
Explain why caveat emptor would be the ethically preferred product safety approach of the free market economic theory.
Describe several ways in which consumers are less than free in making choices about which products to purchase.
Explain three general ethical concerns that should be raised in marketing ethics.
Explain at least two ethical objections to insider trading. What, exactly, was wrong (if anything) with insiders selling Enron’s stock throughout 2001?
What conditions does DeGeorge suggest are necessary to make whistleblowing ethically permissible? When is it ethically required?
In what way is business like poker? In what ways is it different?
Defi ne trust and loyalty. Do all employees have a responsibility to be trustworthy?To be loyal? Why does Duska believe that loyalty is inappropriate in the workplace?
What is a confl ict of interest and when and under what conditions are they unethical? Do the dual roles of auditor and consultant, as played by Arthur Andersen and other major accounting fi rms,
How might the narrow view of employee responsibilities be defended ethically? What are its shortcomings?
How is the relationship between a person and her real estate agent or lawyer similar to the relationship between an employer and employee? How are they different?
Explain how responsibilities can depend upon the relationships one has with other people.
Explain how the nature of the employer–employee relationship helps to determine the extent of privacy in the workplace.
Explain how individual bargaining between employer and employee would be the preferred method of the economic model of corporate social responsibility for establishing a healthy and safe workplace.
Explain what you take to be the strongest argument in defense of an employee’s right to participate in managerial decision making. Explain what you take to be the strongest argument against such a
Explain and evaluate four major counterarguments to due process rights in the workplace.
What is the defi nition of due process? How does this relate to the concept of just cause?
What is the legal doctrine of employment at will? Explain three different legislative or judicial limitations on this doctrine. Do you think any are unreasonable?
Explain three different meanings of a right to work. Which, if any, do you think should be among the moral rights of employees?
Explain the difference between an employee’s legal rights and moral rights.
How might a defender of the liberal model criticize the human fulfi llment model of work?
How can work become meaningful under the liberal model of work?
How does the Greek philosophical notion of a telos relate to the human fulfi llment theory of work?
What are the two different trends within the conventional view of work?

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