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business
business ethics

Questions and Answers of Business Ethics

BecauseAl fired the employeewhovio lated the company’s computer system, woulditbe inconsistentorunfairofhim totreatCraiganydifferently?
Was it right forAl tohaveaskedCraig about his computer usage in the first place?Didhe violateCraig’s privacyor civil liberties?
Doesthefact thatCraigisavaluedmem berof thecompanywithalongrecordof servicemakeadifference?Orthatheisa personal friendofAl’s?
IsCraigLindley’sbehaviorasignofsome psychological problemthatRayburnUn limited shouldhelphimovercome, per haps with personal counseling? Or is dismissal called for? ShouldAl Smetana
DoesTomhaveamoralobligationtodis closehismedical conditiontoCarla—and, ifso,atwhatpoint?Supposeajobapplicant hasachronic,potentiallydebilitatingmedi cal condition.Shouldheorshereveal that
Shouldcompaniesdevelopprogramsorpol iciesthatdealspecificallywithAIDS?Ifso, what characteristics shouldtheyhave?Or shouldtheydealwiththeproblemonlyona case-by-case basis? Should large corpora tions
Suppose TomhadAIDS.What should Carlado? Isanemployee’sHIVstatusa job-relatedissue?Inparticular, is itafac tor Carla should consider in deciding whether topromoteTom?What part, if
Dowehaveamoralobligationtosaveold redwoodforests?Canaforesthaveeither moralorlegalrights?Doesanold-growth foresthavevalue inandof itself,or is its valueonlyafunctionofhumaninterests?Howvaluable
Is itmorallypermissible forprivateown erstodoastheywishwiththetimberland they own? Explain why or why not.What’s your assessment ofHurwitz? Is hearobberbaronorasociallyresponsible
Does an ancient redwood forest have valueother thanitseconomiconeaspo tential lumber? If so,what is this value, andhowis it tobeweighedagainst the interests of a company
Isitmoralorenvironmentallyresponsible todriveanSUV?WhatwouldJesusdrive?
IsFordMotorCompanysimplyrespond ingtoconsumerdemandforlargevehicles, or is it helping to shape and encourage thatdemand?
Assess the argument that people in the thirdworldshould learn fromthe errors oftheWestandseekdevelopmentwithout pollution. Should there be uniform, glo bal environmental standards, or should
Dohumanbeingshaveamoral right toa livableenvironment?Toanonpolluteden vironment?Itmightbearguedthat ifpeo pleinthe“valleyofdeath’’don’tcomplain anddon’twishtomove, thentheyaccept therisksof
Shouldthe thirdworldhavemorepollu tion,asLawrenceSummersargues?Assess hisargument thatdirty industries should movetopoorerandless-pollutedareas.
Whatattitudesandvaluesonthepartof businessandothersleadtothecreationof areaslikethe“valleyofdeath’’?
Doindividualsinsidethecompany,nowor inthepast,bearresponsibilityforcausing theenvironmentaldamageatHerculaneum, orisitonlythecompanyasawhole?Isthat responsibilitysharedbyanyoneoutsidethe
Identifythevaluesanddescribetheattitudes thathavecontributedtopollutionproblems likethoseatHerculaneum.Howwouldyou feelifyoulivedinHerculaneum?
When it comes to life-saving drugs, do pharmaceutical companies have amoral obligation to make them available in poorcountriesatlittleornocost?Explain whyorwhynot.Whatabouteffectivebut
Isitethicalforcompaniestodeclinetosell a useful drug like ranolazine in a poor country because they can make more moneymarketingitelsewhere?
Dodrugcompanieshaveanobligationto makenewdrugsavailabletopatientswho wereinvolvedintheirdevelopment,either hereoroverseas?Doesthesizeofthecom panymakeadifference?Whatwouldyou do if
Are the large drug companies guilty of pricegougingorofcharginganunfairor exploitative price for their products? In general, what factors should determine thepriceofdrugs?ShouldAmericansbe permitted
Given the nature of their product, do pharmaceuticalcompanieshaveethicalre sponsibilitiesthatothercorporationsdon’t have?Inyourview,arethelargeU.S.drug companiesgoodcorporatecitizens?
WhatareH.B.Fuller’smoralobligations inthiscase?What ideas,effects,andcon sequences are at stake?Haveanymoral rightsbeenviolated?Whatwouldautili tarianrecommend?AKantian?
WasLiebeckonly20percent responsible for her injuries?Doyouagreewith the amountofcompensatoryandpunitiveda mages that the juryawardedher? Ifnot, whatwouldhavebeenafairermonetary award?
McDonald’s claims thatmost consumers wouldprefer tohave theircoffee toohot thannothot enough.Afterall, if it’s too hot, theycanalwayswaitaminutebefore drinkingit.Supposethisistrue.Howdoes
In serving hot coffee, didMcDonald’s act inamorally responsibleway?What ideals, obligations, and effects should it havetakenintoconsideration?
Onsafetymatters,shouldtheFDAorany regulatoryagencyerronthesideofover protection or underprotection?Has the FDA’s stance on breast implants been fairtowomenwhowouldlikebreastaug
Was theFDAjustifiedinplacingamora toriumon silicone breast implants and thenhaltingthemaltogether forcosmetic purposes?
ScottArmingdoubts thatbusinesseshave anobligationtosupport charitableorga nizations.Dothey?
WereBaytownand theother companies right to have withdrawn their support fromthe Boy Scouts? Is there anything wrongwithcompanies’ attempting toin fluencethepoliciesofanorganizationlike theScouts?
AreBaytown’sdirectorsoperatingwitha broadoranarrowconceptionof corpo rateresponsibility?
WhatdoyouthinkBaytownshoulddo?Explain your reasoning.What business factors are relevant to your decision?Whatmoral factors?
DoesNikehavea social responsibility to addressmattersofpublicconcernsuchas theworkingconditionsinitsoverseasoper ation?Ifitchoosestodoso,doesithavean obligationtomakeitsstatementsastruthful
Do corporations have the same moral rightsasindividualhumanbeings?Should theyhave the samepolitical rights? Is it morallypermissibletolimit thespeechof corporationsinwaysthatwouldbewrong
ShouldcommercialspeechreceivelessFirst Amendmentprotectionthanothertypesof speech, or does this violate the rights of corporations?Explainyouranswer.
Wastheout-of-courtsettlementareason ableresolutionof thiscase?Whatwould havebeenthegoodorbadconsequences oftheSupremeCourt’sdecidinginNike’s favor?Of itsdecidinginKasky’sfavor?
Inthiscase,wasNikeengagedincommer cial speech,orwereitsstatementspolitical orsocialspeech?Whatdetermineswhether speechiscommercialornot?
Somepessimistssaythatbecausemostcom paniesdon’tmakesocialwelfareapriority, competitionwill ultimatelyundermine the effortsofcompanieslikeLeviStrausstoes tablishstandards.Assessthisargument.
IsLeviStrausssincereinitsprofessedcon cernforforeignworkers?IsNike?
Do corporations have a responsibility to monitor the conduct of the companies theydobusinesswith—inparticular, their contractorsandsuppliers?Dotheyhavea responsibility toavoiddoingbusiness in
WithregardtoLeviStrauss’sconductboth athomeandabroad,doesitmakesenseto talkabout thecompanyasamorallyre sponsibleagentwhoseactionscanbecriti callyassessed, or canweassessonly the
Assess theprosandconsofalawforbid dingAmericanhigh-techcompanies from assistingrepressiveforeigngovernments.
Inlightofthiscase,doyouthinkitmakes sensetotalkofacorporationlikeYahoo asamoralagent,orisitonlythepeoplein itwhocanbeproperlydescribedashaving moral responsibility?
Is JerryYang correct that the company had“nochoice”?Assuming thatYahoo was legally required todowhat it did, doesthat justifyitsconductmorally?
Inyourview,wasYahoorightorwrongto assistChineseauthorities?Whatwouldyou havedoneifyouwereinchargeofYahoo?
How typical are the attitudes that Sheehy reports? Does his description of a new work ethic tally with your own experiences?
IsoppositiontoWal-Mart’s expansiona legitimatepartof thepolitical processor is it unfair interferencewithourmarket systemandaviolationof thecompany’s rights?DoopponentsofWal-Mart have
Canaretailereverbecome toolargeand toopowerful?
Do you likeWal-Mart? Do you shop there? If so, howfrequently? Ifnot,why not?
Is your view of this case affected by whetheryoupersonallyfind pop-upadsannoying?
DoesGator’ssoftwareviolatetheright to privacyofPCowners?Wouldoutlawing Gator-like adware be a setback for the ideaof “fair use”?Would it violate the rightsofPCowners?
What,ifanything,shouldthepublishersdo about Gator? Is Gomes’s “free-speech”strategy likely towork?Howwouldyou dealwithGator ifyouownedapopular, expensive-to-runwebsite?
IsGatorguiltyofunfaircompetition?Has it violated the implicit rules of a free market,capitalisticsystem?Isitaparasite that shouldbeput out of business or a legitimatebusinessoperation?
IsGatorathreat tothebusiness interests of thepublishersandotherwebsiteown ers?If so,dotheyhavealegitimatecom plaintagainstGator?Or is thisacaseof big companies’ ganging up to thwart a
Is licensinganall-or-nothing issue?Or is it possible that although only licensed professionalsshouldbepermittedtoperform certainservices,paraprofessionalsandlay personscouldperformlessexpensivelybut
FriedmanandothersviewtheAMAasa tradeunion,andtheybelievethatthehigh incomesofdoctorsareduemoretoartifi cialrestrictionsonthefreemarketthanto theinherentvalueof theirservices. Isthis anaccurateor
Does licensure make the market work moreor lesseffectively?Wouldyouagree that as long as consumers are provided accurate information, theyshouldbeper mittedtomaketheirownchoiceswithre gard to the
Doyoubelievethat licensure inmedicine or anyother field isdesirable? Inwhich fields and under what circumstances?What standardswouldyouuse todeter minewherelicensureisneeded?
What explains the fact that licenses are requiredfor somanyoccupations?What doyouseeas theprosandconsofoccu pational licensureingeneral?Doesithave benefitsthatFriedmanoverlooked?
HowwouldalibertarianlikeNozickview povertyintheUnitedStates?Howplausi bledoyoufindthelibertarian’spreference forprivatecharityoverpublicassistance?
Whatmoralobligation, ifany,dowehave individually and as a society to reduce poverty? What steps could be taken?Whatroleshouldbusinessplay?
Whatarethecausesofpoverty?Arethey structuralorindividual?Howisone’san swertothisquestionlikelytoaffectone’s viewofthejusticeorinjusticeofpoverty?
Does theexistenceofpoverty imply that our socioeconomic system is unjust?Does theconcentrationofpovertyincer taingroupsmake itmoreunjust than it wouldbeotherwise?
Isgroundwaterapublicresource, theuse ofwhichisappropriateforsocietytoreg ulate?Or is it thepropertyof thosewho ownthe landtouseas theyseefit?Who hasthestrongestclaimongroundwater—theownersof the
DoesNestlé’s pumping262milliongal lons of water per year fromSanctuary Springconstitute“reasonableuse”?Isthe companytreatingeither local residentsor theNative American tribes unfairly, or
“If ‘just compensation’ is paid, thenby definition thosewho lose their property cannot claimthat theyhavebeentreated unjustly.”Assessthisargument.Cancom pensationbe just if oneof theparties
Doyoubelieve that eminentdomainisa morally legitimate right of government?Explainwhyorwhynot.
AretownssuchasNewLondonandSalina pursuingwise, beneficial, andprogressive socialpolicies,oraretheiractionssocially harmfulandbiasedagainstordinarywork ingpeopleandsmall-businessowners?
IsNewLondontreatingSusetteKeloand her neighbors fairly?Assuming that the proposeddevelopmentwillhelptorevital izeNewLondon, is it just for thecityto appropriateprivatepropertyaroundFort Trumbull?
Examinetheprosandconsofcommercial transactionsinbloodfromtheegoistic,the utilitarian,andtheKantianperspectives.
WasGMresponsible forShannonMose ley’sdeath?Compare that casewith the caseofFordandthePinto.
The maximof Ford’s actionmight be statedthus:“Whenitwouldcostmoreto makeasafety improvement thannot, it’s all rightnot tomakeit.”Canthismaxim beuniversalized?Does it treathumansas
Utilitarianswould say that jeopardizing motoristsdoesnot by itselfmakeFord’s actionmorally objectionable. The only morally relevantmatter iswhether Ford gave equal consideration to the interests of
SupposeFordofficialswereaskedtojus tifytheirdecision.Whatmoralprinciples doyouthink theywould invoke?Assess Ford’shandlingofthePintofromtheper spectiveofeachof themoral theoriesdis
Oneof theapplicantsadmitsthatheused poor judgmentbutbelievesthathisethics shouldnot bequestioned.What doyou thinkhemeans?Ifheexercisedpoorjudg ment onaquestionof right andwrong,
Assess the argument that the applicants who snoopedwere just engaging in the typeofboldandaggressivebehavior that makes forbusiness success. Inyourview, are these applicants likely tomake good
DidHarvardandMIToverreact,orwasit necessaryforthemtorespondastheydid inorder tosendastrongmessageabout the importance of ethics? If youwere a business-school admissions official, how
Inyourview,was itwrongfor theMBA applicantstotakeanunauthorizedpeekat their application files?Explainwhyyou considerwhat theydidmorallypermissi ble or impermissible.What obligations, ideals, and
Assess themoralityofwhat the curious applicants did from the point of view of egoism, utilitarianism, Kant’s ethics, Ross’spluralism,andruleutilitarianism.
Suppose that you had been one of the MBAapplicantswhostumbledacrossan opportunity to learn your results early.Whatwould youhave done, andwhy?Wouldyouhaveconsidereditamoralde cision? If so, onwhat
ShouldGoodrichbeheldmorallyrespon sibleasacompanyfortheA7Daffair,or should just the individuals involved be heldresponsible?
Do you thinkVandivier waswrong to workupthequalificationreport?Explain themoralprincipleorprinciples thatun derlieyour judgment.
HowdidSinkandLinelookatthematter?Howwouldyouevaluatetheirconduct?
Identify themaincharacters in this case, andexplainwhathappened.
Explainwhatdumpingis,givingsomeex amples.Doesdumpingraiseanymoral is sues?What are they?What would an ethical relativistsayaboutdumping?
Is it possible for the rest of the world to live a consumer lifestyle on a par with the United States? Would this be a good thing? Who should decide this?
What are three arguments against the trend towards globalization? How would defenders of globalization respond to each?
An old saying is that “when in Rome, do as the Romans do.” Do you agree that when doing business in China, one ought to operate according to Chinese laws?
What ethical issues are raised by this case?
Do you agree that the obvious “business decision” would be to continue to participate in China?
Should Google continue to operate in China under the censorship rules established by the Chinese government? Why or why not?
Describe business’s role and ethical responsibilities in an increasingly global economy.
Explain the ethical issues involved in globalization.
Describe the application of human rights to international business.
Analyze the issue of ethical relativism in a global setting.
Describe the range of ethical issues arising in a global business context.
Should the severity of workplace harassment be determined solely from the point of view of the victim? Is this fair to the accused harasser?
What responsibility does a private employer have to create a racially diverse workforce?
Can you think of job qualifications that might be racially biased?

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