All Matches

Solution Library

Expert Answer

Textbooks

Search Textbook questions, tutors and Books

Oops, something went wrong!

Change your search query and then try again

Result Not Found

Books FREE
Tutors
Study Help
Hire a Tutor
AI Study Help New

Search
Sign In
Register

study help
business
statistical sampling to auditing

Questions and Answers of Statistical Sampling To Auditing

In a data set on this book’s Web site named Mireault.dat and described in Appendix Data Set, Mireault and Bond (1992) collected data from college students on the effects of the death of a parent.
Many school children receive instruction on child abuse around the “good touch-bad touch”model, with the hope that such a program will reduce sexual abuse. Gibson and Leitenberg(2000) collected
In a study examining the effects of individualized care of youths with severe emotional problems, Burchard and Schaefer (1990, personal communication) proposed to have caregivers rate the presence or
What is the odds ratio in Exercise 6.25? How would you interpret it?6.27 In the study described in Exercise 6.25, 11.5% of the Normal Testosterone group and 17.9%of the High Testosterone group had a
Dabbs and Morris (1990) examined archival data from military records to study the relationship between high testosterone levels and antisocial behavior in males. Out of 4,016 men in the Normal
Use SPSS or another statistical package to calculate Fisher’s Exact Test for the data in Exercise 6.11. How does it compare to the probability associated with Pearson’s chi-square?
Compute the odds ratio for Table 6.4. What does this ratio add to your understanding of the phenomenon being studied?
Compute the odds ratio for the data in Exercise 6.10. What does this value mean?
Calculate and interpret Cramér’s V and useful odds ratios for the results in Exercise 6.20.
A more complete set of data on heart attacks and aspirin, from which Table 6.7 was taken, is shown below. Here we distinguish not just between Heart Attacks and No Heart Attacks, but also between
The following SPSS output in Exhibit 6.2 represents that analysis of the data in Exercise 6.13.a. Verify the answer to Exercise 6.13a.b. Interpret the row and column percentages.c. What are the
Pugh (1983) conducted a study of how jurors make decisions in rape cases. He presented 358 people with a mock rape trial. In about half of those trials the victim was presented as being partly at
Suppose we asked a group of participants whether they liked Monday Night Football, then made them watch a game and asked them again. Our interest lies in whether watching a game changes people’s
It would be possible to calculate a one-way chi-square test on the data in row 2 of the table in Exercise 6.10. What hypothesis would you be testing if you did that? How would that hypothesis differ
Use the likelihood ratio approach to analyze the data in Exercise 6.10.
Use the likelihood ratio approach to analyze the data in Exercise 6.8.
In a study of eating disorders in adolescents, Gross (1985) asked each of her subjects whether they would prefer to gain weight, lose weight, or maintain their present weight.(Note: Only 12% of the
Stress has long been known to influence physical health. Visintainer, Volpicelli, and Seligman(1982) investigated the hypothesis that rats given 60 trials of inescapable shock would be less likely
In 2000 the State of Vermont legislature approved a bill authorizing civil unions between gay or lesbian partners. This was a very contentious debate with very serious issues raised by both sides.
In Exercise 6.8 children were classified as those who never showed ADD behavior and those who showed ADD behavior at least once in the second, fourth, or fifth grade. If we do not collapse across
Use the data in Exercise 6.8 to demonstrate how chi-square varies as a function of sample size.a. Double each cell entry and recompute chi-square.b. What does your answer to (a) say about the role of
Howell and Huessy (1981) used a rating scale to classify children in a second-grade class as showing or not showing behavior commonly associated with attention deficit disorder(ADD). They then
In discussing the correction for continuity, we referred to the idea of fixed marginals, meaning that a replication of the study would produce the same row and/or column totals. Give an example of a
We know that smoking has a variety of ill effects on people; among other things, there is evidence that it affects fertility. Weinberg and Gladen (1986) examined the effects of smoking and the ease
Combine the data from Exercises 6.3 and 6.4 into a two-way contingency table and run the appropriate test. How does the question that the two-way classification addresses differ from the questions
Thirty years after the Clark and Clark study, Hraba and Grant (1970) repeated the study referred to in Exercise 6.3. The studies, though similar, were not exactly equivalent, but the results were
In a classic study by Clark and Clark (1939), African American children were shown black dolls and white dolls and were asked to select the one with which they wished to play. Out of 252 children,
From the point of view of designing a valid experiment (as opposed to the arithmetic of calculation), there is an important difference between Exercise 6.1 and the examples used in this chapter. The
The chairperson of a psychology department suspects that some of her faculty are more popular with students than are others. There are three sections of introductory psychology, taught at 10:00 a.m.,
What would happen to the answer to Exercise 5.36 if we were able to refine our test so that only 5% of women without breast cancer test positive? (In others words, we reduce the rate of false
Knowing that 80% of women with breast cancer have positive mammographies, the answer that you found in 5.36 is probably much lower than you expected. Why is it so low?
At age 40, 1% of women can be expected to have breast cancer. Of those women with breast cancer, 80% will have positive mammographies. In addition, 9.6% of women who do not have breast cancer will
The “law of averages,” or the “gambler’s fallacy,” is the oft-quoted belief that if random events have come out one way for a number of trials they are “due” to come out the other way
Make up a simple experiment for which a sign test would be appropriate.a. Create reasonable data and run the test.b. Draw the appropriate conclusion.
This question is not an easy one, and requires putting together material in Chapters 3, 4, and 5.Suppose we make up a driving test that we have good reason to believe should be passed by 60% of all
Earlier in this chapter I stated that the probability of drawing 25 blue M&M’s out of 60 draws, with replacement, was .0011. Reproduce that result. (Warning, your calculator will be computing some
In a study of knowledge of current events, we give a 20-item true–false test to a class of college seniors. One of the not-so-alert students gets 11 answers right. Do we have any reason to believe
We are designing a study in which six external electrodes will be implanted in a rat’s brain.The six-channel amplifier in our recording apparatus blew two channels when the research assistant took
An ice-cream shop has six different flavors of ice cream, and you can order any combination of any number of them (but only one scoop of each flavor). How many different ice-cream cone combinations
In a learning task, a subject is presented with five buttons. He must learn to press three specific buttons in a predetermined order. What chance does the subject have of pressing correctly on the
Refer to Exercise 5.26. Assume we have just discovered that, because of time constraints, each subject can see only two of the four classes. The rest of the experiment will remain the same, however.
In a study of human cognition, we want to look at recall of different classes of words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs). Each subject will see one of each. We are afraid that there may be a
Assume you are a member of a local human rights organization. How might you use what you know about probability to examine discrimination in housing?
People who sell cars are often accused of treating male and female customers differently.Make up a series of statements to illustrate simple, joint, and conditional probabilities with respect to such
Refer to Exercise 5.21. What is the minimum number of correct choices on a trial necessary for you to conclude that the subjects as a group are no longer performing at chance levels?
Refer to Exercise 5.21. What would you conclude if 6 of 10 subjects were correct on trial 2?
In a five-choice task, subjects are asked to choose the stimulus that the experimenter has arbitrarily determined to be correct; the 10 subjects can only guess on the first trial. Plot the sampling
Using the data for Appendix Data Set scores, compare the conditional probability of dropping out of school given an ADDSC score of at least 60, which you computed in Exercise==5.18, with the
How might you use conditional probabilities to determine if an ADDSC cutoff score of 66 in Appendix Data is predictive of whether or not a person will drop out of school?
Using the data for Appendix Data Set, what is the empirical probability that a person will drop out of school given that he or she has an ADDSC score of at least 60? Here we do not need to assume
Using the file on the Web named Add.dat, described in Appendix Data Set,a. What is the probability that a male will have an ADDSC score greater than 50 if the scores are normally distributed with a
Using the file on the Web named Add.dat, described in Appendix Data Set,a. What is the probability that a person drawn at random will have an ADDSC score greater than 50 if the scores are normally
A graduate-admissions committee has finally come to realize that it cannot make valid distinctions among the top applicants. This year, the committee rated all 300 applicants and randomly chose 10
Give two examples of discrete variables.
Give an example of a continuous variable that we routinely treat as if it were discrete.
Give an example of a common continuous distribution for which we have some real interest in the probability that an observation will fall within some specified interval.
Suppose that we have a study of messages printed on supermarket fliers. We want to know if what people do with fliers is independent of the message that is on them. If the message has no effect on a
In Exercise 5.8, assume that both the mother and child are asleep from 8:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m.What would the probability be now?
In some homes, a mother’s behavior seems to be independent of her baby’s, and vice versa.If the mother looks at her child a total of 2 hours each day, and the baby looks at the mother a total of
Make up a simple example of a situation in which you are interested in conditional probabilities.
Make up a simple example of a situation in which you are interested in joint probabilities.
Which parts of Exercise 5.3 deal with conditional probabilities?
Which parts of Exercise 5.3 deal with joint probabilities?
Assume the same situation as in Exercise 5.2, except that a total of only 10 tickets were sold and that there are two prizes.a. Given that you don’t win first prize, what is the probability that
Assume that you have bought a ticket for the local fire department lottery and that your brother has bought two tickets. You have just read that 1,000 tickets have been sold.a. What is the
Give an example of an analytic, a relative-frequency, and a subjective view of probability.
The rate of depression in women tends to be about twice that of men. A graduate student took a sample of 100 cases of depression from area psychologists and found that 61 of them were women. You can
What effect might the suggestion to experimenters that they report effect sizes have on the conclusions we draw from future research studies in Psychology?
Discuss the different ways that the traditional approach to hypothesis testing and the Jones and Tukey approach would address the question(s) inherent in the example of waiting times for a parking
Simon and Bruce (1991), in demonstrating resampling statistics, tested the null hypothesis that the mean price of liquor (in 1961) for the 16 “monopoly” states, where the state owned the liquor
In Chapter 1 we discussed a study of allowances for fourth-grade children. We considered that study again in the exercises for Chapter 2, where you generated data that might have been found in such a
Describe the steps you would go through to test the hypothesis that motorists are ruder to fellow drivers who drive low-status cars than to those who drive high-status cars.
Describe the steps you would go through to flesh out the example given in this chapter about the course evaluations. In other words, how might you go about determining whether there truly is a
In the example in Section 4.11 how would the test have differed if we had chosen to run a two-tailed test?
Rerun the calculations in Exercise 4.18 for a 5 .01.
For the distribution in Figure 4.3, I said that the probability of a Type II error (b) is .74.Show how this probability was obtained.
Give two examples of research hypotheses and state the corresponding null hypotheses.
How would decreasing a affect the probabilities given in Table 4.1?
What is the difference between a “distribution” and a “sampling distribution”?
Define “sampling error.”
In Exercise 4.7 what would be the alternative hypothesis (H1)?
Describe a situation in daily life in which we routinely test hypotheses without realizing it.
In Exercise 4.10 what would we call M in the terminology of this chapter?
Imagine that you have just invented a statistical test called the Mode Test to test whether the mode of a population is some value (e.g., 100). The statistic (M) is calculated as M 5 Sample mode
Why might (or might not) the GRE scores be normally distributed for the restricted sample(admitted students) in Exercise 4.7?
Why is such a small standard deviation reasonable in Exercise 4.7?
A recently admitted class of graduate students at a large state university has a mean Graduate Record Exam verbal score of 650 with a standard deviation of 50. (The scores are reasonably normally
Why might I want to adopt a one-tailed test in Exercise 4.2, and which tail should I choose?What would happen if I chose the wrong tail?
Using the example in Exercise 4.2, describe what we mean by the rejection region and the critical value.
What would be a Type II error in Exercise 4.2?
What would be a Type I error in Exercise 4.2?
For the past year I have spent about $4.00 a day for lunch, give or take a quarter or so.a. Draw a rough sketch of this distribution of daily expenditures.b. If, without looking at the bill, I paid
Suppose I told you that last night’s NHL hockey game resulted in a score of 26–13. You would probably decide that I had misread the paper and was discussing something other than a hockey score.
The data plotted below represent the distribution of salaries paid to full professors of Psychology with 7–11 years of service in 2008–2009, the last year that data are available.The data are
Recently in answer to a question that was sent to me I had to create a set of 16 scores that were more-or-less normally distributed with a mean of 16.3 and a standard deviation of 4.25. The approach
If you go back to the reaction-time data presented as a frequency distribution in Table 2.2 and Figure 2.1, you will see that for the full set of scores they are not normally distributed.For these
In Chapter 2, Figure 2.16, I plotted three histograms corresponding to three different dependent variables in Everitt’s example of therapy for anorexia. Those data are available at
Use a standard computer program such as SPSS, OpenStat, or R to generate 5 samples of normally distributed variables with 20 observations per variable. (For SPSS the syntax for the first sample would
In Section 3.6, I said that T scores are designed to have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10 and that the Achenbach Youth Self-Report measure produces T scores. The data in Figure 3.3 do not
Assuming that the Behavior Problem scores discussed in this chapter come from a population with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10, what would be a diagnostically meaningful cutoff if you

Showing 800 - 900 of 3033

First
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Last

Services

Sitemap
Fun
Definitions
Become Tutor
Study Help Categories
Recent Questions
Expert Questions

Company Info

Security
Copyrights
Privacy Policy
Terms & Conditions
SolutionInn Fee
Scholarship

Get In Touch

About Us
Contact Us
Career
Jobs
FAQ
Campus Ambassador

Secure Payment

Download Our App

© 2024 SolutionInn. All Rights Reserved