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statistics alive

Questions and Answers of Statistics Alive

Refer to the MINITAB and MS Excel outputs in Exercises 5–6. Which if any of the partial regression coefficients are significant in the presence of other predictors already in the model?What
4. Summarize your results in the form of a report. Can you really save money by buying produce in bulk? Explain Canning or freezing produce that you buy in bulk will almost always save you money
3. Use an appropriate analysis of variance procedure to analyze this data. If you find significance, use Tukey’s procedure to identify real differences in prices.Canning or freezing produce that
2. Since the table is incomplete, consider deleting the rows corresponding to whole tomatoes, beets, broccoli, and spinach prior to analysis. Is the design given in part 1 still valid?Canning or
1. Does this layout correspond to any of the designs studied in this chapter? If so, identify the rows and/or columns as they relate to that design.Canning or freezing produce that you buy in bulk
16. Animation Helps? To explore the use of animation versus static images in a learning setting, a factorial experiment measured retention of information under four factorial conditions: with
15. Water Resistance in Textiles To compare the effects of four different chemicals in producing water resistance in textiles, a strip of material randomly selected from a bolt of material was cut
13. Professors’ Salaries II The U.S. Department of Education6 reports the salaries of professors at universities and colleges in the United States. The following data (in thousands of dollars) is
12. Smart Phones, continued Refer to Exercise 11.The diagnostic plots for this experiment are shown below. Does it appear that any of the analysis of variance assumptions have been violated? Explain.
11. Smart Phones The data that follow are the ratings for six smart phones from each of the four suppliers, three of which cost $650 or more and three of which cost less than $650 . The ratings have
10. Physical Fitness Researchers assessed the cardiorespiratory fitness levels in youth aged 12 to 19 years, using estimated maximum oxygen uptake (VO ) 2max to measure a person’s cardiorespiratory
9. Yield of Wheat The yields of wheat (in bushels per acre) were compared for five different varieties, A, B, C, D, and E, at six different locations.Each variety was randomly assigned to a plot at
8. America’s Market Basket An advertisement for a popular supermarket chain claimed it has had consistently lower prices than one of its competitors.As part of a survey conducted by an independent
7. Pollution from Chemical Plants Four chemical plants, producing the same product and owned by the same company, discharge effluents into streams near their locations. To measure the pollution
6. The Whitefly in California The whitefly, which causes defoliation of shrubs and trees and a reduction in salable crop yields, has emerged as a pest in Southern California. A study to determine
5. Learning to Sell To study the effects of four training programs on the sales abilities of their sales personnel, four equal-sized groups of employees were each subjected to a different sales
4. Reaction Times II The experiment in Exercise 1 might have been conducted more effectively using a randomized block design with people as blocks, because you would expect mean reaction time to vary
3. Refer to Exercise 1. What do the normal probability plot and the residuals versus fit plot tell you about the validity of your analysis of variance results? Residual Percent 95- 90- 80 70 60 50 40
2. Refer to Exercise 1. Use this MINITAB output to identify the differences in the treatment means Tukey Simultaneous Test for Differences of Means Difference Difference SE of Adjusted of Levels of
1. Reaction Times versus Stimuli A completely randomized design was used to compare the effects of five different stimuli on reaction time.Regardless of the results of the analysis of variance, the
(Completely Randomized Design) Refer to the breakfast study in Example 11.4, in which the effect of nutrition on attention span was studied.1. Select stat ➤ EDIT and enter the recorded attention
(Two-Way Classification) Refer to the production output study in Example 11.13, in which the effect of supervisor and shift on production output was studied1. Enter the data into the worksheet as
(Completely Randomized Design) Refer to the breakfast study in Example 11.4, in which the effect of nutrition on attention span was studied.1. Enter the 15 recorded attention spans in column C1 of a
(Factorial Experiment) Refer to the production output study in Example 11.13, in which the effect of supervisor and shift on production output was studied.Enter the data into columns A–D of an
(Randomized Block Design) Refer to the cell phone study in Example 11.8, in which the effect of usage level on cost was studied for four different companies.Enter the data into columns A–E of an
(Completely Randomized Design) Refer to the breakfast study in Example 11.4, in which the effect of nutrition on attention span was studiedEnter the data into columns A, B, and C of an Excel
A company plans to promote a new product by using one of three advertising campaigns. To investigate the extent of product recognition from these three campaigns, 15 market areas were selected and
The data from Example 11.4 involving the attention spans of three groups of elementary students were analyzed using MINITAB. The graphs in Figure 11.14, generated by MINITAB, are the normal
17. Management Training, continued Refer to Exercise 16. The data for this experiment are shown in the table.a. Construct the ANOVA table for this experiment.b. Is there a significant interaction
15. Fourth-Grade Test Scores A school board compared test scores on a standardized reading test for fourth-grade students in their district, selecting a random sample of five male and five female
14. Terrain Visualization A study was conducted to determine the effect of two factors on terrain visualization training for soldiers.5 The two factors investigated in the experiment were the
13. Demand for Diamonds A chain of jewelry stores investigated the effect of price markup and location on the demand for its diamonds, selecting six small-town stores, as well as six stores located
Use the computing formulas to calculate the sums of squares and mean squares for the experiments described Enter these results into the appropriate ANOVA table and use them to find the F statistics
Use the computing formulas to calculate the sums of squares and mean squares for the experiments described Enter these results into the appropriate ANOVA table and use them to find the F statistics
Partially completed ANOVA tables are shown in Exercises 6. Fill in the blanks. Then test for a significant interaction between factors A and B using  =.05. Give the approximate p-value for the
Partially completed ANOVA tables are shown in Exercises 5. Fill in the blanks. Then test for a significant interaction between factors A and B using  =.05. Give the approximate p-value for the
Table 11.6 shows the original data used to generate Table 11.5 in Example 11.12. That is, the two supervisors were each observed on three randomly selected days for each of the three different
The manager of a manufacturing plant knows that the output of a production line depends on two factors:• Which of two supervisors is in charge of the line• Which of three shifts—day, swing, or
26. Rocket Propellants An experiment was conducted to compare three mixtures of components in making rocket propellant. Five samples of each mixture were obtained for testing. Five investigators
25. Where to Shop?, continued Refer to Exercise 24.The printout that follows provides the average costs of the selected items for the k=4 storesa. What is the appropriate value of q (k, df ) .05 for
24. Where to Shop? Do you shop at the grocery store closest to home or do you look for the store that has the best prices? We compared the regular prices at four different grocery stores for eight
23. Bonding Alloys An engineer ran an experiment to assess the breaking pressure of three bonding agents for an alloy material. Five batches of the alloy material were available for the
22. Premium Equity? The cost of auto insurance varies by coverage, location, and the driving record of the driver. The following are estimates of the annual cost for standard coverage as of January
21. Bidding on Construction Jobs A building contractor wants to compare the bids of three construction engineers, A, B, and C, to determine whether one tends to be a more conservative(or liberal)
20. Digitalis and Calcium Uptake A study was conducted to compare the effects of three levels of digitalis on the levels of calcium in the heart muscles of dogs. Because calcium uptake varies from
19. Slash Pine Seedlings An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of three methods of soil preparation—A (no preparation), B (light fertilization), and C (burning)—on the first-year
18. Glare in Rearview Mirrors To compare the glare characteristics of four types of automobile rearview mirrors, 40 drivers were exposed to the glare produced by a headlight located 30 feet behind
17. Gas Mileage A study was conducted to compare automobile gasoline mileage for three formulations of gasoline. Four automobiles, all of the same make and model, were used, and each formulation was
16. Do the data present sufficient evidence to indicate differences among the block means? Test using a=.05.A partially completed ANOVA table for a randomized block design is shown here. Fill in the
15. Do the data present sufficient evidence to indicate differences among the treatment means? Test using a =.05.A partially completed ANOVA table for a randomized block design is shown here. Fill in
14. How many observations are in each block total?A partially completed ANOVA table for a randomized block design is shown here. Fill in the blanks in the table and use it to answer Source df SS MS F
13. How many observations are in each treatment total?A partially completed ANOVA table for a randomized block design is shown here. Fill in the blanks in the table and use it to answer Source df SS
12. How many blocks are involved in the design?A partially completed ANOVA table for a randomized block design is shown here. Fill in the blanks in the table and use it to answer Source df SS MS F
Use the computing formulas to calculate the sums of squares and mean squares for the experiments described . Enter these results into the appropriate ANOVA table and use them to find the F statistics
Use the computing formulas to calculate the sums of squares and mean squares for the experiments described . Enter these results into the appropriate ANOVA table and use them to find the F statistics
The cell phone industry is involved in a fierce battle for customers, with each company devising its own complex pricing plan to lure customers. Since the cost of a cell phone minute varies
18. Heart Rate and Exercise How does exercise affect your heart rate? Ten male subjects were randomly selected from four age groups:10–19, 20–39, 40–59, and 60–69. Each subject walked on a
17. GRE Scores The quantitative reasoning scores on the Graduate Record Examination (GRE)3 were recorded for students admitted to three different graduate programs at a local universitya. Do these
16. The Cost of Lumber, continued The analysis of variance F-test in Exercise 15 (Section 11.2) indicated that there was a difference in the average cost of lumber for the four states. The following
15. Glucose Tolerance Physicians depend on laboratory test results when managing medical problems such as diabetes or epilepsy. In a test for glucose tolerance, three different laboratories were each
14. Calcium, again Refer to Exercise 13 (Section 11.2), where the calcium content of a powdered mineral substance was analyzed using three different methods. The comparisons option in MINITAB
13. Swampy Sites, again Refer to Exercise 11(Section 11.2). Use Tukey’s procedure and the following MINITAB printout to rank the mean leaf growth for the four locations with a =.01 Means Location
A completely randomized design was used to compare the means of six treatments based on samples of four observations per treatment. The pooled estimator for 2 s is 2 s 59.12. Use this information
A completely randomized design was used to compare the means of six treatments based on samples of four observations per treatment. The pooled estimator for 2 s is 2 s 59.12. Use this information
If the sample size for each treatment is nt and 2 s 58.0 is based on k(n 21) t degrees of freedom, find using the information w=qa (k, df) S In.
If the sample size for each treatment is nt and 2 s 58.0 is based on k(n 21) t degrees of freedom, find using the information w=qa (k, df) S In.
If the sample size for each treatment is nt and 2 s 58.0 is based on k(n 21) t degrees of freedom, find using the information w=qa (k, df) S In.
Find the tabled values of qa (k, df ) using the information given 7. a .01, k 3, df = 15
Find the tabled values of qa (k, df ) using the information given 5. a .01, k=6, df = 24
Find the tabled values of qa (k, df ) using the information given 6. a .05, k=4, df = 12
Find the tabled values of qa (k, df ) using the information given 4. a .01, k=4, df = 8
Find the tabled values of qa (k, df ) using the information given 3. a .05, k=3, df = 9
Find the tabled values of qa (k, df ) using the information given 2. a=.05, k=5, df = 10
17. Pottery in the United Kingdom Twenty-six samples of Romano-British pottery were found at four different kiln sites in the United Kingdom.2 Since one site only yielded two samples, consider the
16. Good at Math? Twenty third graders were randomly separated into four equal groups, and each group was taught a math concept using a different teaching method. At the end of the teaching period,
15. The Cost of Lumber A builder wants to compare the prices per 1000 board meters of standard or better grade framing lumber. He randomly selects five suppliers in each of the four states where he
14. Tuna Fish The estimated average prices for a variety of brands of tuna fish, based on prices paid nationally, are shown herea. Construct the ANOVA table for a completely randomized design.b. Is
12. Dissolved O2 Content Water samples were taken at four different locations in a river to determine whether the quantity of dissolved oxygen, a measure of water pollution, varied from one location
11. Swampy Sites A study to compare the rates of growth of vegetation at four swampy undeveloped sites involved measuring the leaf lengths of a particular plant species on a preselected date. Six
10. Assembling Electronic Equipment An experiment was conducted to compare the effectiveness of three training programs, A, B, and C, for assemblers of a piece of electronic equipment. Five employees
8. Reducing Hostility A psychologist wants to compare three methods for reducing hostility levels in university students. Eleven students were judged to have “great hostility,” based on a certain
A partially completed ANOVA table is shown in Exercise 7. Fill in the blanks. Then test for a significant difference in the treatment means using a =.01.Bound the p-value and state your conclusions.
Construct an ANOVA table for these one-way classifications.Provide a formal test of : ... 0 1 2 H k m 5m 5 5m including the rejection region with a 5.05. Bound the p-value for the test and state your
Construct an ANOVA table for these one-way classifications.Provide a formal test of : ... 0 1 2 H k m 5m 5 5m including the rejection region with a 5.05. Bound the p-value for the test and state your
In an experiment to determine the effect of nutrition on the attention spans of elementary school students, a group of 15 students were randomly assigned to each of three meal plans: no breakfast,
14. An Alternative Test Procedure Consider the following approach as an alternative to using the F-test for investigating differences among four treatment means.Examine the data and select the
16. Management Training To investigate the effect of management training on decision-making abilities, sixteen supervisors were selected, and eight were randomly chosen to receive managerial
Calculate the means for each of the ab factor-combinations in Exercises 10. Then use the means to construct an interaction plot, similar to the one in Figure 11.12. What does the interaction plot
Calculate the means for each of the ab factor-combinations in Exercises 9. Then use the means to construct an interaction plot, similar to the one in Figure 11.12. What does the interaction plot tell
8. Refer to Exercise 6. The mean of all observations at the factor levels A1 and A2 are x 53.7 1 and x 51.4 2 , respectively. Find a 95% confidence interval for the difference in mean response for
7. Refer to Exercise 5. The means of two of the factorlevel combinations—say, A B 1 1 and A B 2 1—are 8.3 1 x 5 and 6.3 2 x 5 , respectively. Find a 95% confidence interval for the difference in
construct an ANOVA table showing the sources of variation and their respective degrees of freedom. 4. A two-factor factorial experiment with factor A at two levels and factor B at three levels, with
construct an ANOVA table showing the sources of variation and their respective degrees of freedom. 3. A two-factor factorial experiment with factor A at four levels and factor B at two levels, with r
construct an ANOVA table showing the sources of variation and their respective degrees of freedom. 2. A two-factor factorial experiment with factor A at four levels and factor B at five levels, with
1. Explain what is meant by an interaction in a factorial experiment.
Consider two drugs that are used to control high blood pressure. Either drug, when the other drug is not being used, may cause a person’s blood pressure to drop as expected. However, if one drug is
A randomized block design has k53 treatments, b56 blocks, with SST 511.4, SSB517.1, and Total SS542.7. T A 521.9 and T B 524.2. Construct an ANOVA table showing all sums of squares, mean squares, and
A randomized block design has k53 treatments, b56 blocks, with SST 511.4, SSB517.1, and Total SS542.7. T A 521.9 and T B 524.2. Construct an ANOVA table showing all sums of squares, mean squares, and
A randomized block design has k53 treatments, b56 blocks, with SST 511.4, SSB517.1, and Total SS542.7. T A 521.9 and T B 524.2. Construct an ANOVA table showing all sums of squares, mean squares, and
Test for a significant difference in the treatment and block means using  5 .01. Bound the p-value for the test of equality of treatment means. If a difference exists among the treatment means,

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