As the introductory case to this chapter mentions, recent research finds that today’s undergraduates study an average of 14 hours per week. Using the sample data from Table 9.1, the dean would also like to test if the mean study time of students at her university differs from today’s national average of 14 hours per week.

a. How should the dean formulate the competing hypotheses for this test?

b. Calculate the value of the test statistic.

c. Approximate the p -value.

d. At the 5% significance level, what is the conclusion to this test? P-56