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statistics for business and economics
Questions and Answers of
Statistics For Business And Economics
Consider the population described by the probability distribution shown below.The random variable x is observed twice. If these observations are independent, verify that the different samples of size
Refer to Exercise 4.107 and find E(x) = p. Then use the sampling distribution of i found in Exercise 4.107 to find the expected value of i. Note that E(7) = I*..
Refer to Exercise 4.107. Assume that a random sample of n = 2 measurements is randomly selected from the population.a. List the different values that the sample median rn may assume and find the
Consider a population that contains values of x equal to 00,01,02, 03,. . . ,96, 97,98,99. Assume that these values of x occur with equal probability. Use the computer to generate 500 samples, each
Suppose a random sample of n = 25 measurements is selected from a population with mean p and standard deviation u. For each of the following values of p and u, give the values of pi and a,.a. p = 10,
Consider the probability distribution shown here.a. Find p, n2, and a.b. Find the sampling distribution of T for random samples of n = 2 measurements from this distribution by listing all possible
An experiment results in one of the following sample points: E1,E2,E3,or E4, Find P(E4) for each of the following cases.a. P(E1) = .1, P(E2) = .2, and P(E3) = .3b. P(E1) = P(E2) = P(E3) = P(E4)c.
The diagram below describes the sample space of a particular experiment and events A and B. 9 10 8 7 4 1 2 5 6 3 A Ba. What is this type of diagram called?b. Suppose the sample points are equally
The sample space for an experiment contains five sample points with probabilities as shown in the table. Find the probability of each of the following events: Sample Points Probabilities 1 .05 2 .20
Compute each of the following:a. a 9 4 bb. a 7 2 bc. a 4 4 bd. a 5 0 be. a 6 5 b
Two fair dice are tossed, and the face on each die is observed.a. Use a tree diagram to find the 36 sample points contained in the sample space.b. Assign probabilities to the sample points in parta.
Three fair coins are tossed, and either heads (H) or tails (T) is observed for each coin.a. List the sample points for this experiment.b. Assign probabilities to the sample points.c. Determine the
Simulate the experiment described in Exercise 3.7 using any five identically shaped objects, two of which are one color and three another color. Mix the objects, draw two, record the results, and
Exit poll candidates and voters. In an exit poll, 45% of voters said that the main issue affecting their choice of candidates was the economy, 35% said national security, and the remaining 20% were
LEGO color brick set. LEGO introduced six glitter colors: trans-clear, trans-orange, trans-neon green, trans-light blue, trans-purple, and trans-dark pink. In a LEGO set that contains glitter bricks,
Malaysian citizen and non-citizen. The Department of Statistics Malaysia reports that there has been an increment in the total number of citizens and a reduction in the total number of non-citizens
Animal Farming in New Zealand. Stats NZ Tatauranga Aotearoa, New Zealand’s official data agency, provides information on people and organizations in New Zealand through surveys and censuses. The
Mobile access to social media. The Marketing Management Journal (Fall 2014) published the results of a designed study to investigate satisfaction with the use of mobile devices to access social
Unused paid vacation time. According to a 2019 Bankrate survey, most Americans do not use all of their paid vacation days. The most likely reason cited was that vacations are too expensive. Consider
Who prepares your tax return? As part of a study on income tax compliance (Behavioral Research and Accounting, January 2015), researchers sampled 270 adults at a shopping mall and asked each: “Who
Self-employed in Finland. Based on a random sample drawn twice a year from the Statistics Finland population database, the Labour Force Survey collects statistical data on the participation in
Museum management. Refer to the Museum Management and Curatorship (June 2010) study of the criteria used to evaluate museum performance, Exercise 2.14 (p. 68). Recall that the managers of 30 leading
Breast cancer statistics. According to the American Cancer Society, breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in America and the second most common cause of cancer deaths. According to the
Purchasing digital devices for children. PC Magazine (December 2019) reported the results of a survey of 1,000 parents of school-age children pertaining to the appropriate age the child should
Randomization in outlet allocation. Location plays a crucial role in retail strategy. In August 2020, the IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science site sought to identify a new optimal
Jai-alai bets. The Quinella bet at the paramutual game of jai-alai consists of picking the jai-alai players that will place first and second in a game irrespective of order. In jai-alai, eight
Halloween candy rankings. The website FiveThirtyEight. com published a story titled “The Ultimate Halloween Candy Power Ranking” (October 2017). The rankings were based on data collected from an
Advertising proposals. The manager of an advertising department has asked her creative team to propose six new ideas for an advertising campaign for a major client. She will choose three of the six
Gross domestic product. Refer to The Economy 2020 report estimating gross domestic product (GDP) in 2018 for 12 different industries in Newfoundland and Labrador, Exercise 2.30 (p. 70). Suppose the
Drug testing of firefighters. Hillsborough County, Florida, has 42 fire stations that employ 980 career firefighters and 160 volunteers. Both types of firefighters are drug tested every six months.
Odds of winning a race. Handicappers for greyhound races express their belief about the probabilities that each greyhound will win a race in terms of odds. If the probability of event E is P(E),
Lead bullets as forensic evidence. Chance (Summer 2004) published an article on the use of lead bullets as forensic evidence in a federal criminal case. Typically, the Federal Bureau of Investigation
Effectiveness of online and face-to-face learning. A study published in the e-Journal of Business Education & Scholarship of Teaching (Vol. 12, 2018) compares the effectiveness of online learning
Suppose P1A2 = .4, P1B2 = .7, and P1A ¨ B2 = .3. Find the following probabilities:a. P1Bc 2b. P1Ac 2c. P1A ∪ B2
A number between 1 and 10, inclusive, is randomly chosen, and the events A and B are defined as follows: A: 5The number is even.6 B: 5The number is less than 7.6a. Identify the sample points in the
A pair of fair dice is tossed. Define the following events: A: 5Exactly one of the dice shows a 1.6 B: 5The sum of the numbers on the two dice is even.6a. Identify the sample points in the events A,
Consider the Venn diagram below, where P1E12 = P1E22 = P1E32 = 1 5, P1E42 = P1E52 = 1 20, P1E62 = 1 10 , and P1E72 = 1 5. Find each of the following probabilities: NW NWa. P1A2b. P1B2c. P1A ∪ B2d.
Consider the following Venn diagram, where P1E12 = P1E22 = 0.02, P1E32 = P1E42 = 0.15, P1E52 = 0.1, P1E62 = 0.14, P1E72 = 0.28, and P1E82 = 0.14. Find the following probabilities:a. P1Ac 2b. P1Bc 2c.
The outcomes of two variables are (Low, Medium, High) and (On, Off), respectively. An experiment is conducted in which the outcomes of each of the two variables are observed. The probabilities
Use Table IV in Appendix D to estimate the p-value for each of the following cases.a. x2 = 19.35, k = 10b. x2 = 11.8, k = 7c. x2 = 35.1, k = 13
A multinomial experiment with k = 3 cells and n = 320 produced the data shown in the following one-way table. Do these data provide sufficient evidence to contradict the null hypothesis that p1 =
Museum management. Refer to the Museum Management and Curatorship (June 2010) worldwide survey of 30 leading museums of contemporary art, Exercise 2.14 (p. 68). Recall that each museum manager was
Leadership and organizational culture. Good leadership and organizational culture create job satisfaction for employees, thereby improving employee performance. A study published in the
Tourists’ view of destination image. Tourism Web sites such as Trip Advisor provide a medium for online marketing of a travel destination. Actual tourists’ evaluations and reviews of this
Grab users’ satisfaction. Refer to the research data for users’ satisfaction with the services provided by Grab, Exercise 8.72 (p. 496). Recall that the respondents comprised 60 staff and
Mobile device typing strategies. Text messaging on mobile devices (e.g., cell phones, smartphones) often requires typing in awkward positions that may lead to health issues. A group of Temple
STEM programs and jobs. Do high school programs that emphasize science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) lead to jobs? To answer this question, refer to the Longitudinal Study of Young
Coupon user study. A hot topic in marketing research is the exploration of a technology-based self-service (TBSS) encounter, e.g., ATMs, automated hotel checkout, online banking, and express package
Profiling UK rental malls. Refer to the Urban Studies (June 2011) analysis of tenants renting space in United Kingdom regional shopping malls, Exercise 2.11 (p. 68). Recall that tenants were
Food delivery complaint. eLogii is a global technology platform that helps companies meet their customers’ increasing expectations when it comes to delivery and field services. An article posted
Women’s online purchases. Statistics show that there has been an increase in online shopping over the last few years. Following a study, an online platform reports “What women shop online.” The
State the most accurate statement that can be made about the p-value for each of the following cases where the contingency table contains r rows and c columns.a. r = 4, c = 5, x2 = 22.18b. r = 4, c
Consider the 2 * 3 (i.e., r = 2 and c = 3) contingency table shown below. Column 1 2 3 Row 1 9 34 53 2 16 30 25a. Specify the null and alternative hypotheses that should be used in testing the
Test the null hypothesis of independence of the two classifications, A and B, in the 3 * 3 contingency table shown below. Test using a = .05. B B1 B2 B3 A A1 40 72 42 A2 63 53 70 A3 31 38 30
Refer to Exercise 10.22.a. Convert the responses to percentages by calculating the percentage of each B class total falling into each A classification.b. Calculate the percentage of the total number
Digital media education in advertising. The use of digital media (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, e-Readers, mobile phone apps) in advertising has exploded in the past several years. An article in the
Ambient scents effect food choices. Refer to the Journal of Marketing Research (February 2019) study that investigated whether food-related ambient scents had an effect on consumers’ product
Tourists’ view of destination image. Refer to the Journal of Destination Marketing & Management (October 2015) study of tourist destination image, Exercise 10.11 (p. 611). Recall that the study
Are travel professionals equitably paid? Business Travel News (August 13, 2018) reported the results of its annual Travel Manager Salary & Attitude survey. A total of 256 travel professionals, 77
Daily fruit consumption. Research was conducted to study the perceptions of the Australian consumer regarding fruits and vegetables grown in Tasmania (TAS) and South Western Australia (SWA). The
Package design influences taste. Can the package design of a food product, along with accompanying sounds, influence how the consumer will rate the taste of the product? A team of experimental
Subject preferences between genders. Refer to the study of the effect of family background on educational outcomes between genders published in the Chinese Journal of Sociology (Vol. 6, 2020),
STEM programs and jobs. Refer to the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England (February 2019) survey of 10,000 high-school-age students, Exercise 10.14 (p. 612). Recall that each student was
Antenatal care services satisfaction. A study published in the Hindawi International Journal of Reproductive Medicine (2020) assessed the level of satisfaction of pregnant women with the antenatal
Leadership and organizational culture. Refer to the International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (Vol. 8, 2021) regarding the employees’ choices of what factors affect
Self-employed in Finland. Refer to Statistics Finland’s Labour Force Survey result for people aged between 15 and 74 years, Exercise 3.17 (p. 164). The result shows that in 2019, there were 2,498
Mobile device typing strategies. Refer to the Applied Ergonomics (March 2012) study of mobile device typing strategies, Exercise 10.13 (p. 611). Recall that typing style of mobile device users was
Firefighter glove sizing. Refer to the Human Factors (December 2015) study on how well firefighter gloves fit, Exercise 3.38 (p. 175). Recall that in a sample of 586 firefighters who reported their
Media platform purchase behavior. A study addressing “Do social ties matter for buyers’ purchase behavior?” was published in Computers in Human Behavior (Vol. 110, 2020). The study uses the
Coupon user study. Refer to the study of a customer’s motivation to use a technology-based self-service (TBSS) encounter developed for a firm’s discount coupons, Exercise 10.15 (p. 612). Recall
Examining the “Monty Hall Dilemma.” In Exercise 3.133 (p. 214), you solved the game show problem of whether or not to switch your choice of three doors—one of which hides a prize—after the
A random sample of 250 observations was classified according to the row and column categories shown in the table below. Column 1 2 3 1 20 20 10 Row 2 10 20 70 3 20 50 30a. Do the data provide
A random sample of 150 observations was classified into the categories shown in the table below. Category 1 2 3 4 5 ni 28 35 33 25 29a. Do the data provide sufficient evidence that the categories
Rankings of MBA programs. Business Ethics (Fall 2005) published rankings of master in business administration (MBA) programs worldwide. Each of 30 business schools was rated according to student
Online purchase. Research in e-Journal Ekonomi Bisnis dan Akuntansi (Vol. 7, 2020) analyzes the effect of price, ease of transaction, information quality, safety, and trust on online buyers’
Online purchase (cont’d). Refer to Exercise 10.43. The research also reports the characteristics of the 100 respondents based on the electronic media used (PC/laptop, smartphone/tablet) and
Stereotyping in deceptive and authentic news stories. Major newspapers lose their credibility (and subscribers) when they are found to have published deceptive or misleading news stories. In
Colors of M&M’s candies. M&M’s plain chocolate candies come in six different colors: dark brown, yellow, red, orange, green, and blue. According to the manufacturer (Mars, Inc.), the color ratio
Top Internet search engines. Smart Insights reported on the “search” shares (i.e., percentage of all Internet searches) for the most popular search engines available on the Web. In Jan. 2020,
“Cry Wolf” effect in air traffic controlling. Researchers at Alion Science Corporation and New Mexico State University collaborated on a study of how air traffic controllers respond to false
Tag count. Refer to the top four tag counts during summer 2020, Exercise 2.150 (p. 135), as shown in the following table. Are there significant differences in the percentage of tags for the four
Purchasing souvenirs. A major tourist activity is shopping. Travel researchers estimate that nearly one-third of total travel expenditures are used on shopping for souvenirs (Journal of Travel
Creating menus to influence others. Refer to the Journal of Consumer Research (March 2003) study on influencing the choices of others by offering undesirable alternatives, Exercise 7.80 (p. 426). In
Cell phone user survey. If you subscribe to a cell phone plan, how many different cell phone numbers do you own? According to the Current Population Survey (CPS) Cell Phone Supplement, 51% of cell
Guilt in decision making. The effect of guilt emotion on how a decision maker focuses on a problem was investigated in the January 2007 issue of the Journal of Behavioral Decision Making (see
“Fitness for use” of gasoline filters. Product or service quality is often defined as fitness for use. This means the product or service meets the customer’s needs. Generally speaking, fitness
Refer to the study on auditors’ and specialists’ views regarding the use of specialists during an audit, published in Behavioral Research in Accounting (Vol. 32, 2020), Exercise 3.126 (p. 202).
Software defects. The PROMISE Software Engineering Repository at the University of Ottawa provides researchers with data sets for building predictive software models. (See Exercise 2.160, p. 138.)
Goodness-of-fit test. A statistical analysis is to be done on a set of data consisting of 1,000 monthly salaries. The analysis requires the assumption that the sample was drawn from a normal
A “rigged” election? Chance (Spring 2004) presented data from a recent election held to determine the board of directors of a local community. There were 27 candidates for the board, and each of
The purpose of this exercise is to compare the variability of x1 and x2 with the variability of 1x1 - x22.a. Suppose the first sample is selected from a population with mean m1 = 150 and variance s2
Independent random samples from two populations with standard deviations s2 1 = 2 and s2 1 = 8, respectively, are selected. The sample sizes and the sample means are recorded in the following table:
x2 =
a. Calculate the standard error of the sampling distribution for Sample 1.b. Calculate the standard error of the sampling distribution for Sample 2.c. Suppose you were to calculate the difference
In order to compare the means of two populations, independent random samples of 400 observations are selected from each population, with the following results: Sample 1 Sample 2 x1 = 5,275 x2 =
Two populations are described in each of the following cases. In which cases would it be appropriate to apply the small-sample t-test to investigate the difference between the population means?a.
Assume that s2 1 = s2 2 = s2 . Calculate the pooled estimator of s2 for each of the following cases:a. s1 2 = 10, s2 2 = 15, n1 = n2 = 80b. s1 2 = 80, s2 2 = 20, n1 = 50, n2 = 120c. s1 2 = 2.8, s2 2
Independent random samples from normal populations produced the results shown in the next table. Sample 1 Sample 2
4.2
2.7
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