Baseball weights. Baseballs used in the major leagues in the United States must adhere to strict standards. One such standard is that the weight must be between 5 and 5.25 ounces. One could look at this standard as a target weight of 5.125 ounces with a tolerance of + > -0.125 ounce.

The following data were taken from a random sample of 50 baseballs from a large production batch. The actual weight and deviation from the target weight are listed.

Using the specification limits as the control limits,

a) Create a run chart for the baseballs’ weights.

b) Is the process for making baseballs in control?

c) How many baseballs produced were out of spec?

d) When should the quality team have investigated the production process?

Sample Weight (oz.) Deviation Sample Weight (oz.) Deviation 1 5.060 -0.065 26 5.073 -0.052 2 5.014 -0.111 27 5.133 0.008 3 5.118 -0.007 28 5.075 -0.050 4 5.098 -0.027 29 4.971 -0.154 5 5.069 -0.056 30 5.121 -0.004 6 5.159 0.034 31 5.013 -0.112 7 5.099 -0.026 32 5.181 0.056 8 5.031 -0.094 33 5.151 0.026 9 5.067 -0.058 34 5.124 -0.001 10 5.122 -0.003 35 5.044 -0.081 11 5.243 0.118 36 5.054 -0.071 12 5.149 0.024 37 5.020 -0.105 13 5.124 -0.001 38 5.063 -0.062 14 5.077 -0.048 39 5.163 0.038 15 5.178 0.053 40 5.122 -0.003 16 5.165 0.040 41 5.127 0.002 17 5.156 0.031 42 5.016 -0.109 18 5.121 -0.004 43 5.132 0.007 19 5.056 -0.069 44 5.091 -0.034 20 5.127 0.002 45 5.165 0.040 21 5.100 -0.025 46 5.097 -0.028 22 5.057 -0.068 47 5.121 -0.004 23 5.173 0.048 48 5.165 0.040 24 5.160 0.035 49 5.185 0.060 25 5.126 0.001 50 5.173 0.048