Consider the one-way analysis of variance setup.

a. Show that the within-groups sum of squares can be written as follows:

SSW = a K

i=1 a

ni j=1 x2 ij - a K

i=1 nix2 i

b. Show that the between-groups sum of squares can be written as follows:

SSG = a K

i=1 nix2 i - nx2

c. Show that the total sum of squares can be written as follows:

SST = a K

i=1 a

ni j=1 x2 ij - nx2