Productivity 2019. How strong is the association between labor productivity and labor costs? Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics for labor productivity, as measured by Output per Employee and Unit Labor Costs across 41 industries, are used to examine this relationship for the year 2019 (https://www.bls.gov/lpc/).

a) From a scatterplot, is there evidence of a linear association between Labor Productivity and Unit Labor Costs? Write an appropriate hypothesis.

b) Discuss the assumptions for inference.

c) Test your hypothesis, and state an appropriate conclusion.