Elephants sometimes damage trees in Africa. It turns out that elephants dislike bees. They recognize beehives in areas where they are common and avoid them. Can this be used to keep elephants away from trees? Will elephant damage be less in trees with hives? Will even empty hives keep elephants away?

Researchers want to design an experiment to answer these questions using 72 acacia trees.64

(a) Identify the experimental units, treatments, and the response variable.

(b) Describe how the researchers could carry out a completely randomized design for this experiment.

Include a description of how the treatments should be assigned.