Sexy magazine ads? Researchers looked at 1509 full-page ads that show a model. The two-way table below shows the main audience of the magazines in which the ads were found (young men, young women, or young adults in general) and whether or not the ad was “sexual.” This was determined based on how the model was dressed (or not dressed).33 Readers Men Women General Sexual 105 225 66 Not sexual 514 351 248 The following figure displays Minitab output for a chi-square test using these data.

(a) Describe how these data could have been collected so that a test for homogeneity is appropriate.

(b) Describe how these data could have been collected so that a test for independence is appropriate.

(c) Show how each of the numbers 60.94, 424.8, and 12.835 was obtained for the “notsexy, Women” cell.

(d) Which cell contributes most to the chi-square statistic?
How do the observed and expected counts compare for this cell?

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Session Mon Women General All Sex 105 225 66 396 16.96 39.06 21.02 26.24 162.4 151.2 82.4 396.0 20.312 36.074 3.265 notsexy 514 351 248 1113 83.04 60.94 78.98 73.76 456.6 424.8 231.6 1113.0 7.227 12.835 1.162 All 619 576 314 1509 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 619.0 576.0 314.0 1509.0 Cell Contents: Count 8 of Column Expected count Contribution to Chi-square Chi-Square 80.874, DF 2, P-Value = 0.00