1. The average distance in kilometers from a school in Chicago to the closest fast food restaurant is 0.60 with a standard deviation of 0.45.

Express each of the following distances as a z score:

a. A distance of 1.00 kilometer.

b. A distance of 0.20 kilometers.

c. A distance of 1.25 kilometers.

d. A distance of 0.60 kilometers.

2. The addiction scale developed by Gossop and Eysenck was used by mental health researchers to assess liability to development of a drug dependency among secondary-school students in West Germany. Higher scores on this scale indicate a greater liability for drug dependency development. For students who never participated in endurance sports, the addiction mean and standard deviation were 12.36 and 4.83, respectively. For students who often participated in endurance sports, the addiction mean and standard deviation were 9.69 and 4.58, respectively.

Express each of the following addiction scores as a z score:

a. An addiction score of 10 for a student who never participated in endurance sports.

b. An addiction score of 10 for a student who often participated in endurance sports.

c. An addiction score of 15 for a student who never participated in endurance sports.

d. An addiction score of 15 for a student who often participated in endurance sports.

3. Doctor of Physical Therapy students at St. Catherine University administered tests to adults 18 to 55 years of age in order to establish normative values on core endurance. One of the core endurance tests was the extensor endurance test. Each subject’s hold time was recorded. The mean hold time for the extensor endurance test was 109 seconds, and the standard deviation was 45.3 seconds.

a. A z score of 1.00 is equal to an extensor endurance test raw score of _____.

b. A z score of -1.00 is equal to an extensor endurance test raw score of _____.

c. A z score of 0 is equal to an extensor endurance test raw score of _____.