In manufacturing semiconductors, it is necessary to use water with an extremely low mineral content, and to

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In manufacturing semiconductors, it is necessary to use water with an extremely low mineral content, and to separate water from contaminants, it is common practice to use a membrane process called reverse osmosis. A key to the effectiveness of such a process is the osmotic pressure, which may be determined by the van’t Hoff equation:* P(N, C, T) = 0.075NC(273.15 + T) where P is the osmotic pressure (in atmospheres), N is the number of ions in each molecule of solute, C is the concentration of solute (gram-mole/liter), and T is the temperature of the solute (ºC). Find the osmotic pressure for a sodium chloride brine solution with concentration 0.53 gram-mole/ liter at a temperature of 23ºC. (You will need to know that each molecule of sodium chloride contains two ions: NaCl = Na+ + Cl.)

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Calculus For Business, Economics And The Social And Life Sciences

ISBN: 9780073532387

11th Brief Edition

Authors: Laurence Hoffmann, Gerald Bradley, David Sobecki, Michael Price

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