Recover (90.0 %) of a gasoline component, (mathrm{n})-nonane (left(mathrm{C}_{9} mathrm{H}_{20} ight)), in the distillate from a nonvolatile

Question:

Recover \(90.0 \%\) of a gasoline component, \(\mathrm{n}\)-nonane \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{9} \mathrm{H}_{20}\right)\), in the distillate from a nonvolatile mixture of oils, grease, and solids with a steady-state, single-stage steam distillation system operating with liquid water present at a total pressure of \(102.633 \mathrm{kPa}\). The feed is estimated to be \(95.0 \mathrm{~mol} \% \mathrm{n}\)-nonane, enters at the temperature of the boiler, and is at a rate of \(10.0 \mathrm{kmol} / \mathrm{h}\). Find:

a. The bottoms mole fraction of n-nonane in the organic layer.

b. The still temperature.

c. The kmol of nonane in distillate.

d. The kmol of water in distillate.

e. The kmol of water in bottoms.
Assume water and n-nonane are completely immiscible. Vapor pressure data for water are given in Table 8-1. Use a DePriester chart or Raoult's law to obtain \(\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{c} 9}\left(\mathrm{~T}, \mathrm{p}_{\text {tot }}\right)\). Then \(\mathrm{p}_{\text {org }}=\left(\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{c} 9}\right)\left(\mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{c} 9, \text { org }}\right)\left(\mathrm{p}_{\text {tot }}\right)\). MW nonane \(=\) 128.26, MW water \(=18.016\). Latent heat values at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}: \mathrm{N}\)-nonane 288 \(\mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{kg}\), water \(2263 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}\) (Woods, 1995), latent heat nonane at \(360 \mathrm{~K}=\) \(326.9 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}\) and at \(380 \mathrm{~K}=314 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}\) (Perry and Green, 1984, p. 3-268).

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