Training professionals continue to debate whether the ISD model is flawed. Some argue that ISD should be treated as a project management approach rather than a stepby-

step recipe for building training programs. Others suggest that ISD is too linear and rigid a process—that it is the primary reason training is expensive, and that it takes too long to develop. ISD focuses on inputs; management wants outputs. Businesses want results, not the use of a design technology. Do you believe that ISD is a useful process?

Why or why not? Are there certain situations when it is a more (or less) effective way to design training?