a. The French and Chinese prime ministers need to come to an agreement by telephone, but neither speaks the other’s language. Further, neither has on hand a translator that can translate to the language of the other. However, both prime ministers have English translators on their staffs. Draw a diagram similar to Figure 2.15 to depict the situation, and describe the interaction at each level.

b. Now suppose that the Chinese prime minister’s translator can translate only into Japanese and that the French prime minister has a German translator available.

A translator between German and Japanese is available in Germany. Draw a new diagram that reflects this arrangement and describe the hypothetical phone conversation.