Each pair of statements represents the premises in a logical argument. Based on these premises, apply the law of denying the consequent to determine a valid conclusion.

1. If my classmate likes history, then some people like history. Nobody likes history.

2. If Homer does not like to read, then some people do not like reading. All people like reading.

3. If the polygon has five sides, then it is not an octagon. The polygon is an octagon.