For analyses of the size of the bias, see Ian J. Irvine and William A. Sims, “Measuring Consumer Surplus with Unknown Hicksian Demands.” American Economic Review, 88(1), 1998, 314–22; Robin W. Boadway and Neil Bruce Welfare Economics (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1984), 216–19; Julian M. Alston and Douglas M. Larson, “Hicksian vs. Marshallian Welfare Measures: Why Do We Do What We Do?” American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 75(3), 1993, 764–69; Jerry A. Hausman, “Exact Consumer’s Surplus and Deadweight Loss.” American Economic Review, 71(4), 1981, 662–76; and Robert D. Willig, “Consumer’s Surplus Without Apology.” American Economic Review, 66(4), 1979, 589–97.