Suppose a police officer is walking up a lightless stairway. Nervous, he points his gun into the darkness and puts his finger on the trigger, which goes against the training he received as a cadet. The officer accidentally fires his gun, and the bullet, after ricocheting off a wall, kills a man talking to his girlfriend. Apply the concepts of

“reasonable force” and “qualified immunity” to this situation. Should the officer be held criminally liable for the shooting? Why or why not?