Indicate true, false, or uncertain for the following statements, and explain why:

a. AVC = ATC in the short run.

b. AFC + AVC + MC = ATC.

c. Average fixed cost falls as production proceeds through stages I and II; it begins to rise in stage III.

d. Marginal cost intersects the minimum point of the average fixed cost.

e. ATC = AVC = AFC at Q = 0.

f. In the short run, an increase in factor prices causes the marginal cost to intersect the average total cost at a higher level of output.