Question: * 12. BuffonLaplace needle. Let a, b > 0. The Cartesian plane is ruled with two sets of parallel lines of the form x =

* 12. Buffon–Laplace needle. Let

a, b > 0. The Cartesian plane is ruled with two sets of parallel lines of the form x = ma and y = nb for integers m and n. A needle of length ℓ (< min{a, b})

is dropped at random. Show that the probability it intersects some line is ℓ(2a+2b−ℓ)/(πab).

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