Carbon dioxide (CO2) is produced by burning fossil fuels such as oil and natural gas, and has been connected to global warming. The following table presents the average amounts (in metric tons) of CO2 emissions for the years 1997–2013 per person in the United States and per person in the rest of the world.

a. Construct a scatterplot of U.S. carbon dioxide emissions (y)
versus non-U.S. emissions (x).

b. Compute the correlation coefficient between U.S. carbon dioxide emissions and non-U.S. emissions.

c. In a year when U.S. emissions are above average, would you expect emissions in the rest of the world to be above average or below average? Explain.

d. As developing countries modernize, their use of fossil fuels increases. Countries that are already developed strive to reduce emissions. How does this fact explain the relationship between U.S. and non-U.S. emissions?

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Year Non-U.S. US. 1997 3.4 20.0 1998 3.3 19.5 1999 3.2 19.6 2000 3.3 20.0 2001 3.3 19.6 2002 3.3 19.6 2003 3.5 19.4 2004 3.7 19.6 2005 3.8 19.5 2006 3.7 19.0 2007 4.7 19.2 2008 4.7 18.5 2009 4.6 17.2 2010 4.6 17.5 2011 5.0 17.0 2012 5.0 16.3 2013 5.0 16.4