In the figure shown, suppose that the reservoir is open to the atmosphere at the top. The valve is used to control the flow rate from the reservoir. The head loss across the valve is given as h_L = 4V²/2g, where V is the velocity in the pipe. The cross-sectional area of the pipe is 8 cm². The head loss due to friction in the pipe is negligible. The elevation of the water level in the reservoir above the pipe outlet is 9 m. Find the discharge in the pipe. Assume α = 1.0 at all locations.

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Air under pressure d Water Partly open valve