Propose three new rows for Table 1.1, and fill them in. Attribute Solid Liquid Gas Typical Visualization

Propose three new rows for Table 1.1, and fill them in.

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Attribute Solid Liquid Gas Typical Visualization Solids hold their shape; no need for a container Liquids take the shape of the container and will stay in an Gases expand to fill a closed Description container open container Molecules have low mobility because they are bound in a structure by strong intermolecular forces Molecules move around freely with little interaction except during collisions; this is why gases expand to fill their Mobility of Molecules Molecules move around freely even though there are strong intermolecular forces between the molecules container Often high; e.g., the density of Medium; e.g., the density of steel is 7700 kg/m Small-molecules are close together Small; e.g., the density of air at sea level is 1.2 kg/m Typical Density water is 1000 kg/m' Small-molecules are held close Large-on average, molecules together by intermolecular forces Molecular Spacing are far apart Effect of Shear Produces deformation Produces flow Produces flow Stress Produces deformation that may associate with volume change; can cause failure Produces deformation associated Produces deformation associated with volume change Effect of Normal Stress with volume change Viscosity High; decreases as temperature Low; increases as temperature NA increases increases Easy to compress; bulk modulus of a gas at room conditions is about 1.0 x 10° Pa Difficult to compress; Difficult to compress; bulk modulus of liquid water is 2.2 x 10° Pa Compressibility bulk modulus of steel is 160 x 10° Pa