The relationship between the depth of flooding and the amount of flood damage was examined in the paper “Significance of Location in Computing Flood Damage” (Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management [1985]: 65–81). The following data on x = depth of flooding (feet above first-floor level) and y = flood damage (as a percentage of structure value) were obtained using a sample of flood insurance claims:

a. Obtain the equation of the least-squares line.

b. Construct a scatterplot, and draw the least-squares line on the plot. Does it look as though a straight line provides an adequate description of the relationship between y and x? Explain.

c. Predict flood damage for a structure subjected to 6.5 ft of flooding.

d. Would you use the least-squares line to predict flood damage when depth of flooding is 18 ft? Explain.

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X y X y 1 10 8 44 2 14 9 45 3 26 10 46 4 28 11 47 5 29 12 48 6 41 13 49 7 43